Question

Draw replication fork, and place and label and define everything

Answer 1

Topoisomerases type II removes DNA tangling and supercoils by cutting both strands of the DNA helix simultaneously through ATP hydrolysis.

Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between the two strands to separate them resulting in single strands.

Single-strand binding proteins bind to single strand of DNA and prevent annealing of separated single strands.

RNA primase acts as RNA polymerase and catalyses the synthesis of oligo-ribonucleotide primers complementary to single strand DNA.

RNA primer serves as starting point for DNA polymerase III to catalyse the synthesis of polynucleotides on the lagging strand in 5' ? 3'.

DNA polymerase III catalyzes the polymerization of nucleotides in 5' ? 3' direction using template strand of DNA.

DNA ligase joins two strands of DNA together by formation of phosphodiester bonds.

Okazaki fragments are short DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand. The DNA synthesis is not continuous on the lagging strand since DNA polymerase III works only in direction 5' ? 3'.

Leading strand is the strand of DNA where DNA synthesis is continuous.

Lagging strand is the strand of DNA where syntgesis in not continuous and Okazaki fragments appear.