Question

Describe the steps involved in DNA replication including the function of a replication fork and the enzyme and enzyme function.  

Answer 1

DNA replication is the process of replication of DNA.Steps involved in the DNA replication are-Initiation, elongation, and termination.
Initiation- In this step of replication, double-helix DNA is unwinded to produce single-strand DNA. The enzyme called helicase unwinds the double helix of the DNA by breaking the bonds between the base pairs. This results in the formation of a Y shape strand known as the replication fork.
Elongation- It is the second step in which the short sequence called primers provide the starting point of elongation. The DNA polymerase enzymes control the process of elongation, in which the lagging strand unwinds in small sections which results in the formation of Okazaki fragments.
Termination- In the end step of DNA replication, two new helices are formed in the place of original helices. This step involves the enzyme called telomerase which catalyzes the synthesis of telomerase sequence at the end. And results in the formation of two DNA molecules with each having one parental strand and one new strand.