Question

psychoanalytic, valerian, and existential theory

1. How are these three approaches to counseling alike and how are they different?

Answer 1

Psychoanalytic theory deals with the organization of one's personality and the associated dynamics in the development of personality. Originally coined by Freud in the late 19th century, this theory has seen many modifications since it's inception. Feud argued that personality traits are largely attributed to childhood development.

Humanistic or Valerian Theory is focused on helping a patient reach their maximum potential. Positive over negative reinforcement is the main idea behind this theory. A humanist will believe in the inherent goodness of all people and focus on ways to achieve growth.

Existential therapy focuses the ability of each human being to make a choice for themselves i.e free will.The approach stresses that the ability of each person to make an informed choice about his/her life rests within themselves.

The existential approach states

• We are all self aware.
• Our equations and interactions with others are temperamental and unique
• People change and grow everyday based on their understanding of their true purpose

Similarities

Humanistic and existential psychotherapies share their goal which is to understand human nature and focus on the person rather than his condition. Self awareness and understanding lie at the center of each of these theories.

Differences

The humanistic therapy technique is rooted in the belief of goodness in people which is one the goal of a humanistic therapist is to help a patient form healthy and stable relationships with others and to make choices that are in their best. It is his goal to free the patient from disabling assumptions thus helping them maintain a positive outlook on life. Like the existential approach it believes in the human capacity of self direction and the fact that one can be free of existential problems by maintaining authenticity.

Existential therapy on the other hand assumes the belief that problems are created by the self by not exercising free will well enough in their lives. For the existential therapist fighting off negativity with sheer will power and conscious choices is a major part of the patient's treatment process.