Question

Write paragraphs of this:

1. Introduction:

Common practice of design and construction is to support the slabs by beams and support the beams by columns. This may be called as beam-slab construction. The beams reduce the available net clear ceiling height. Hence in warehouses, offices and public halls sometimes beams are avoided and slabs are directly supported by columns. This types of construction is aesthetically appealing also, These slabs which are directly supported by columns are called Flat Slabs. However, Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab supported directly by concrete columns without the use of beams. Flat slab is defined as one sided or two-sided support system with sheer load of the slab being concentrated on the supporting columns and a square slab called ‘drop panels’. This project is shows the plan of a flat slab construction and design for a Residential Flat (G+5 floors) in Muscat, Oman (As shown in the figure). The slab directly rests on the column and the load from the slab is directly transferred to the columns and then to the foundation. In addition, this building consist of 5 spans of 6.75 in x direction and 5 spans of 6.85m in Y direction . Also, the total slab thickness is equal 250mm with effective depth of span 205mm, effective depth of support column 305mm and 45mm clear cover. Th

Answer 1

Beam-Slab construction: In construction design, a common practice is being followed in which construction work is supported by beams and beams are further supported by the columns. As the beams reduce the clear span between the ceiling and floor, they are being avoided in places like warehouse, offices and public halls and the slabs are directly supported by the columns. These type of slabs are known as flat slabs in which beams are avoided.

A FLAT SLAB may be defined as one sided or two sided support system with shear load of the slab being concentrated on the supporting columns and drop panels. The column head may be widened sometimes so that punching shear is being reduced. Widened portions being termed as column head.

Proportioning of flat slab depends on(According to IS 456-2000):

1. Drops
2. Column Heads
3. Thickness of Flat Slab

Advantages of flat slab:

1. Depth solution and flat soffit
2. Flexibility in design layout
3. Reinforcement placement is easier and simple
4. less time used for construction

Disadvantages of flat slab:

1. Unsuitable for supporting brittle masonry particles which may break
2. slab thickness is increased to provide strength in absence of beam
3. it is not possible to have large span