Question

discuss the normal metabolism of macronutrients in the body (CHO, PRO and FAT). Choose one of the disorders bellw and discuss how the merabolism of each macronutrient (CHO, PRO and FAT) is altered

Answer 1

Nutrients
A substance that provides nourishment for growth or metabolism.

are substances needed for growth, energy provision and other body functions. Macronutrients are those nutrients required in large amounts that provide the energy needed to maintain body functions and carry out the activities of daily life. There are 3 macronutrients – carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis, enter into the Kreb's cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP.

There are multiple diseases are there in improper carbohydrate metabolism. Diabetes mellitus caused by  is caused by a lack of, or a resistance to, insulin leading to hypo- or hyperglycemia

Protein metabolism denotes the various biochemical processes responsible for the synthesis of proteins and amino acids (anabolism), and the breakdown of proteins by catabolism.

Dietry protein are first broken down to individual amino acids by various enzymes and hydrochloric acid present in the gastrointestinal tract. These amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream to be transported to the liver and onward to the rest of the body. Absorbed amino acids are typically used to create functional proteins, but may also be used to create energy.

Phenylketonuria, often referred to as PKU, is one of the most common protein metabolism disorders. Normally, the human body metabolizes the essential amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine. Infants with PKU do not have the enzyme needed to make this conversion. Consequently, their bodies have excess amounts of phenylalanine and low tyrosine levels.

Fat metabolism is a biological metabolic process that breaks down ingested fats into fatty acids and glycerol after which into simpler compounds that can be used with the aid of cells of the body.

Lipid metabolism disorders, such as Gaucher disease and Tay-Sachs disease.if the person have these type of diseases their body can't breakdown the lipids or fats, due to lack of enzymes.

Adequate amount of nutrients is essential for the body growth and building.