Question

Define and discuss the difference between micronutrients and macronutrients. Also, discuss their importance in the body at rest and during exercise.

Answer 1

Micronutrients: These are the essential elements required by our body throughout the life to perform physiological functions in our body and to maintain health.

Macronutrients: These are the small elements which are mainly carbohydrates, fats and proteins. They also include various vitamins and minerals. These are important for the growth and health of living organisms.

Differences between micronutrients and macronutrients:

Micronutrients	Macronutrients
These are required in small amounts.	These are required in large amounts.
Examples include phytochemicals, antioxidants, vitamins and some minerals.	Examples include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water and fibers.
Rich sources of micronutrients are green leafy vegetables, fruits, eggs etc.,	Rich sources of macronutrients are meat, fish, potatoes etc.,
They provide energy for the living organisms.	They helps in growth and development of the living organisms.
They play an important role in the production of energy, synthesis of haemoglobin, maintenance of bone health of body at rest.	They provide energy required for the body to maintain and carry out the functions and activities at rest.
They help in oxygen transport, supporting immune function and protecting the body against oxidative damage, which can happen during exercise.	These are very important for athletes and for people who do regular exercise because, they provide the energy required for them during exercise. They provide structure to muscles and also helps in repairing the muscles after exercise.

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