Question

NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

(A) Discuss the nutrients that feed and are absorbed into the body. Be specific on the caloric value of each.

(B) Discuss the production of ATP and its use in the body.

(C) Discuss the regulation of food intake and include one usual abnormal finding

(D) Contrast over-nutrition and under-nutrition and include one usual abnormal finding for each.

Answer 1

a. A nutrient is a form of substance that provides the nourishment that is essential for maintenance for growth and life. These are the important component of food which are essential for both life and health that provide us energy. These are the building block to repair and growth the substance in the body.
The nutrients which are filled and absorbed in the body involve different nutrients which can be water-soluble or fat-soluble. Using different organs in the digestive system it is absorbed and filled in the body. Calorific value is as follows-
1.Energy-77kj
2.Protein-3.5gm
3.Fat-1.6gm
4.Carbohydrate and fibres-10gm
5.Sodium-110mg
b.ATP production is the process that takes place in almost many cells. This is a process in the anaerobic metabolism of glucose which converting the molecule of glucose into different molecules of pyruvic acid.
c.Regulation of food intake is one of the important processes which is controlled by the hypothalamus. This generally consists of neurones that produce for orexinergic substances as well as anorexic substances.
The ATP production and its use in the body are to obtain energy. These are synthesized from ADP phosphate with the process of cellular respiration. ATP in the cells is formed by the enzyme ATP synthase that converts ADP into ATP. These are responsible to produce two molecules of pyruvate that takes place in mitochondria.
d.over-nutrition and under-nutrition-overnutrition is the kind of malformation which happens when you take more nutrients than you need on the average day. Undernutrition is the form of nutrition in which we cannot get enough form of nutrients in the body.
The abnormal finding of overnutrition is obesity and different kind of heart related problem and diabetes. While in undernutrition nutrition one can observe the problem of malnutrition and different kind of health-related diseases which may cause lack of immunity.