A woman is pregnant with her second child. She is Rh+ and the father is Rh-....

A woman is pregnant with her second child. She is Rh+ and the father is Rh-. With respect to the Rh factor, what is the risk, if any, to this present fetus and/or the mother?

Expert Solution

As the mother is Rh positive and the father is Rh negative, the child has two possibilities:- Rh positive or Rh negative.

Rh positive had the D antigen while Rh negative has anti-D antibodies. If first foetus has Rh negative blood, there will be some mixing of blood during the parturition as usual. But mother has Rh positive blood. She has no antibodies also. And foetus also doesn't have antigens. Therefore no risk will be there for the second child or to the mother

If first foetus was Rh positive, it has Antigens but mother is also having the antigens. Therefore, no immune response will be generated. No risk for the mother and daughter the second child.

In both the above cases, there will be no risk to both mother and Foetus.

If the mother was Rh negative and the foetus born was Rh positive, the cells will diffuse into the mother's blood. Mother immune system will see it as foreign material and gets sensitized and produce antibodies. When the second child born is Rh positive, the antibodies from maternal blood will leak into the foetal blood and cause hemolysis of RBCs. This is called erythroblastosis foetalis. Here only, risk is present to the fetus.

Sydney Mullin answered 2 years ago

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