• Explain why it is important to preserve genetic diversity as well as species diversity.

1. a good rule of thumb when presenting data with a graph is to

a. label all items

b. make sure your graph communicates only one idea

c. limit the number of words

d. all of the above

2. in a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. what is the probability that a score will be 85 or lower?

3. which of the following sets of scores has the least variability?

a. 7,10,11,15,19

b. 7,7,8,8,10,11

c. 6,6,7,7,7,7

d. 7,7,7,7,7,7

4. which of the following correlations would be interpreted as a very weak relationship?

a. -0.35

b. -0.83

c. 0.15

d. 0.75

5. In the following data set, what is the mode? Dataset (n=5): 6,4,1,3,6

a. 3

b. 6

c. 4

d. 1

6. in a well-designed study, it is possible to generalize your results from the study sample to population

T/F

7. All statistically significant results are meaningful

T/F

8. in the field of health administration, statistics is used for:

a.conducting research

b. guiding policy changes

c. measuring performance

d. all of the above

Explain why an antimicrobial substance would be more effective on bacteria and not on viruses?

1. if the nuclear envelope does not break down during a round of cell division it would prevent:

DNA synthesis

Migration of centrosomes to opposite poles

attachment to kinetochore microtubules to chromosome

a change in cylinder concentration during G1

all the above

1. During ______, Chromatids transition into chromosomes

cytokinesis

anaphase

5 phase

metaphase

A cell within a pea plant has 12 chromosomes at the end of mitotic division. How many chromosomes would there be if this cell enter G2 in a new round of the cell cycle

a. 6

b. 12

c. 24

d. 48

e. None of the above

Which of the following events occurs during interphase of the mitotic cell cycle?

a. duplication of centrosomes

b. a change in cell size

c. polymerization of microtubules associated with the mitotic spindle

d. breakdown of the nuclear envelope

e. there is more than one correct choice provided

Under normal conditions, somatic cells are always diploid and gametes are always haploid

True

False

2. Income statement

The income statement, also known as the profit and loss (P&L) statement, provides a snapshot of the financial performance of a company during a specified period of time. It reports a firm’s gross income, expenses, net income, and the income that is available for distribution to its preferred and common shareholders.

The income statement is prepared using the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) that match the firm’s revenues and expenses to the period in which they were incurred, not necessarily when cash was received or paid. Investors and analysts use the information given in the income statement and other financial statements and reports to evaluate the company’s financial performance and condition.

Consider the following scenario:

Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc.’s income statement reports data for its first year of operation. The firm’s CEO would like sales to increase by 25% next year.

Complete the Year 2 income statement data for Green Caterpillar, then answer the questions that follow. Be sure to round each dollar value to the nearest whole dollar.

Given the results of the previous income statement calculations, complete the following statements:

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by conjugation
transduction.
vertical gene transfer.
All of the answers are correct.

The world comprises two countries, A and B. There is only one good, whose price is normalized to 1; hence nominal and real measures coincide. These two countries differ with respect to their production technology. In particular, ???? = 10 − 0.8?? and ???? = 7 − 0.7??, where ???? denotes the marginal product of capital and ?? the capital stock in country i = Α, Β. The total capital stock in the world is 10 units.

a) The initial allocation of capital is ?? = 5 and ?? = 5. Find each country’s total income as well as labor and capital income. What is the world income? [Mark: 0.75]

b) Next, consider the case where there is free capital mobility. Find the capital allocation between the two countries, each country’s total income, as well as labor and capital income. What happens to world income? Explain your answers. [Mark: 0.75]

c) Assume now that, succumbing to domestic pressure, the government of country A imposes a 30% tax on capital income. Show graphically the equilibria before and after taxation. Find the new capital allocation between the two countries, total income, tax revenue, as well as labor and net capital income in each country. Explain your answers. [Mark: 1.5] Note: Round your answers to the second decimal point.

Discuss the three types of communication in IPv4 network

1. Assume that GDP is Y = 150. Consumption is C = 50 + .8(Y-T), Investment is I = 100 – 500r, where r is the real interest rate. Taxes are T = 50 and government expenditures are G =20.
   1. Calculate the equilibrium values of C, I, and r.
   2. Calculate the equilibrium values of private saving, government saving, and total saving.
   3. Now suppose due to a war there is an increase in Government expenditures to G=70 without a corresponding increase in taxes (aka it is funded by deficit spending). Calculate C, I, and r.
   4. Calculate the new equilibrium values of private saving, government saving, and total saving.
   5. What happened as a result of the deficit funded ↑ in G? Think of which values have actually changed, was this discussed in class previously?

Consider this class with a const variable and function:
class Student {
private:
const int IDNum;
public:
Student();
int getIDNum() const:
};
a. How do you initialize the const variable IDNum to 100? Write the code:
b. Are getters normally declared const?
c. Are setters normally declared const?
d. Can a const function call a non-const function?
e. Can a non-const function call a const function?
f. Can a const function use a non-const variable?
g. Can a non-const function use a const variable?

using matlab:

1- Using ‘input’ command, ‘prompt’ your name and ask for a grade (A, B, C, D, F should be accepted only, otherwise it should ask again)

2- Use ‘display’ command for the previous problem and display your name and your grade

1. Starting with the nucleus, name 4 parts of the endomembrane system and explain how they work together to produce a mature polypeptide.
2. Name and explain the 3 different ways proteins can be sorted.
3. Name and explain 3 functions of the plasma membrane.
4. Define the 3 different types of passive transport and be sure to tell me what direction molecules move in each (down or against the concentration gradient?)

5. Explain the two main distinguishing differences between passive transport and active transport (be specific about which process does what)?

A) Provide a PESTLE Analysis for the firm

B) Provide a SWOT Analysis for the firm

Freemark Abbey Winery

Earlier in September, William Jaeger, a member of the partnership that owned Freemark Abbey Winery, had to make a decision:  should he harvest the Riesling grapes immediately or leave them on the vines despite an approaching storm?A storm just before harvest is usually detrimental, often ruining the crop.  A warm, light rain, however, will sometimes cause a beneficial mold, botrytis cinerea, to form on the grape skins.  The result is a luscious, complex, sweet wine, highly valued by connoisseurs.

The Winery

Freemark Abbey is located in St. Helena, California, in the northern Napa Valley.  The winery produces only premium wines from the best grape varieties.  Of the 25,000 cases of wine bottled each year (about the same as Chateau Lafite-Rothschild), most were Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay.  About 1,000 cases of Riesling and 500 cases of Petite Syrah were also bottled.  (A case contains twelve 750-ml bottles.)

The Napa Valley extends for 30 miles, from Calistoga in the north to Napa in the south.  The average temperature decreases as one moves south, closer to San Francisco Bay and the cold ocean waters.  Freemark Abbey’s grapes come from an ideal climate in the central and southern parts of the valley.

Winemaking

Wine is produced when the fruit sugar, which is naturally present in the juice of grapes, is converted to yeast, through fermentation, into approximately equal molecular quantities of alcohol and carbon dioxide.  Sparkling wines excepted, the carbon dioxide is allowed to bubble up and dissipate.  The wine then ages in barrels for one or more years, until it is ready for bottling.

By various decisions during wine-making – for example, the type of wooden barrel used for aging – the vintner or winemaker influences the style of wine produced.  The style adopted by a particular winery depends mainly on the owners’ preferences, though it is influenced by marketing considerations.  Usually, as the grapes ripen, the sugar levels increase and the acidity levels decrease.  The winemaker tries to harvest the grapes when they have achieved the proper balance of sugar and acidity for the style of wine sought.  The ripening process is variable, however, and if the weather is not favorable, the proper balance might never occur.

Several different styles of Riesling (more accurately, Johannisberg Riesling) are on the market. If the grapes are harvested at 20% sugar, the wine is fermented “dry” (all the sugar is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide) or “near dry.”  The resulting wine, at bout 10% alcohol, is light bodied.  If the grapes are harvested at 25% sugar, the winemaker can produce a wine with the same 10% alcohol but with 5% residual sugar; this wine is sweet and relatively full bodied.

A third and rare style results when almost-ripe Riesling grapes are attacked by the botrytismold.  The skins of the grapes become porous, allowing water to evaporate while the sugar remains.  Thus, the sugar concentration increases greatly, sometimes to 35% residual sugar, has extraordinary concentration, and the botrytisitself adds to the wine’s complexity.  Freemark Abbey had already produced a botrytisedRiesling from an earlier vintage.

Jaeger’s Decision Problem

From the weather reports, Jaeger concluded that there was a 50 – 50 chance that the rainstorm would hit the Napa Valley.  Since the storm had originated over the warm waters off Mexico, he thought there was a 40% chance that, if the storm did strike, it would lead to the development of the botrytismold.  If the botrytisdid not form, however, the rainwater, which would be absorbed into the grapes through the roots of the vines, would merely swell the berries by 5 – 10%, decreasing their concentration.  This would yield a thin wine that would sell wholesale for only about $2.00 per bottle, about $0.85 less than Jaeger could obtain by harvesting the not-quite-ripe grapes immediately and eliminating the risk. Freemark Abbey always had the option of not bottling a wine that was not up to standards.  It could sell the wine in bulk, or it could sell the grapes directly. These options would bring only half has much revenue, but would at least avoid damaging the winery’s reputation, which would be risked by bottling an inferior product.

If Jaeger decided not to harvest the grapes immediately in anticipation of the storm, and the storm did not strike, Jaeger would probably leave the grapes to ripen more fully. With luck, the grapes would reach 25% sugar, resulting in a wine selling for around $3.50 wholesale.  Even with less-favorable weather, the sugar levels would probably top 20%, yielding a lighter wine selling at around $3.00. Jaeger thought these possibilities were equally likely.  In the past, sugar levels occasionally failed to rise above 19%.  Moreover, while waiting for sugar levels to rise, the acidity levels must also be monitored.  When the acidity drops below about 0.7%, the grapes must be harvested whatever the sugar level.  If this happened, the wine would be priced at only about $2.50.  Jaeger felt that this even had only about a 0.2 probability.

The wholesale price for a botrytised Riesling would be about $8.00 per bottle.  Unfortunately, the same process that resulted in increased sugar concentration also caused a 30% reduction in the total juice.  The higher price was, therefore, partly offset by a reduction in quantity. Although fewer bottles would be produced, there would be essentially no savings in vinification costs.  The costs to the winery were about the same for each of the possible styles of wine and were small relative to the wholesale price.  

Hart Manufacturing makes three products. Each product requires manufacturing operations in three departments: A, B, and C. The labor-hour requirements, by department, are as follows:

During the next production period, the labor-hours available are 490 in department A, 390 in department B, and 90 in department C. The profit contributions per unit are $29 for product 1, $32 for product 2, and $34 for product 3. Use a software package LINGO.

1. Formulate a linear programming model for maximizing total profit contribution. For those boxes in which you must enter subtractive or negative numbers use a minus sign. (Example: -300) If constant is “1”, it must be entered in the box.
   
   Let P_i = units of product i produced
   

   Max	______P1	+	______P2	+	______P3
   s.t.
   	______P1	+	______P2	+	______P3	≤	______
   	______P1	+	______P2	+	______P3	≤	______
   	______P1	+	______P2	+	______P3	≤	______
   P1, P2, P3 ≥ 0

2. Solve the linear program formulated in part (a). How much of each product should be produced, and what is the projected total profit contribution?
   
   P₁ = ______
   P₂ = ______
   P₃ = ______
   
   Profit = $  ______
3. After evaluating the solution obtained in part (b), one of the production supervisors noted that production setup costs had not been taken into account. She noted that setup costs are $440 for product 1, $590 for product 2, and $640 for product 3. If the solution developed in part (b) is to be used, what is the total profit contribution after taking into account the setup costs?
   
   Profit = $  ______
4. Management realized that the optimal product mix, taking setup costs into account, might be different from the one recommended in part (b). Formulate a mixed-integer linear program that takes setup costs into account. Management also stated that we should not consider making more than 195 units of product 1, 170 units of product 2, or 160 units of product 3. For those boxes in which you must enter subtractive or negative numbers use a minus sign. (Example: -300) If constant is “1”, it must be entered in the box. Enter “0” if your answer is zero.
   
   Here introduce a 0-1 variable y_i that is one if any quantity of product i is produced and zero otherwise.
   

   Max

   ______P1

   +

   ______P2

   +

   ______P3

   +

   ______y1

   +

   ______y2

   +

   ______y3

   s.t.

   ______P1

   +

   ______P2

   +

   ______P3

   ≤

   ______

   ______P1

   +

   ______P2

   +

   ______P3

   ≤

   ______

   ______P1

   +

   ______P2

   +

   ______P3

   ≤

   ______

   ______P1

   +

   ______y1

   ≤

   ______

   ______P2

   +

   ______y2

   ≤

   ______

   ______P3

   +

   ______y3

   ≤

   ______

   P1, P2, P3 ≥ 0; y1, y2, y3 = 0, 1

5. Solve the mixed-integer linear program formulated in part (d). How much of each product should be produced, and what is the projected total profit contribution? Compare this profit contribution to that obtained in part (c). Enter “0” if your answer is zero.
   
   P₁ = ______
   P₂ = ______
   P₃ = ______
   
   Profit = $  ______
   
   The profit is increased by $ ______.

Please fill out all the blanks! Thank you!!

A dominant gene, b+, is responsible for the wild-type body color of Drosophila. It’s recessive allele, b, produces black body color. A testcross of a wild-type female produced 52 black flies and 58 wild-type flies in the F1 generation.

a. What are the genotypes of the parents?

b. What are the genotypes of the F1 generation?

c. If the wild-type F1 females are crossed with their black F1 brothers, what genotypic and phenotypic ratios would be expected in their F2 offspring?