Comprehensive Problem 2-2A

Ray and Maria Gomez have been married for 3 years. They live at 1610 Quince Ave., McAllen, TX 78701. Ray is a propane salesman for Palm Oil Corporation and Maria works as a city clerk for the City of McAllen. Maria's Social Security number is 444-65-9912 and Ray’s is 469-21-5523. Ray’s birthdate is February 21, 1988 and Marie’s is December 30, 1990. Ray and Maria’s earnings are reported on the following Form W-2s:

Ray and Maria have interest income of $641 from a savings account at McAllen State Bank. In addition, they own U.S. Savings bonds (Series EE). The bonds had a value of $10,000 on January 1, 2016, and their value is $10,700 on December 31, 2016. They have not made an election with respect to these bonds.

Ray has an ex-wife named Judy Gomez. Pursuant to their divorce decree, Ray pays her $455 per month in alimony. All payments were made on time in 2016. Judy's Social Security number is 566-74-8765.

During 2016, Ray was in the hospital for a successful operation. His health insurance company reimbursed Ray $4,732 for all of his hospital and doctor bills.

In June 2016, Maria's father died. Under a life insurance policy owned and paid for by her father, Maria was paid death benefits of $25,000.

Maria bought a Texas lottery ticket on impulse during 2016. Her ticket was lucky and she won $3,900. The winning amount was paid to Maria in November 2016, with no income tax withheld.

Palm Oil Corporation provide Ray with a company car to drive while he is working. The Corporation spent $5,000 to maintain this vehicle during 2016. Ray never uses the car for personal purposes.

Required:

Complete the Gomez's federal tax return for 2016. Use Form 1040 below. Make realistic assumptions about any missing data. If an amount box does not require an entry or the amount is zero, enter "0".

Click here to access the tax table to use for this problem.

Vertical Analysis of Income Statement

Revenue and expense data for Innovation Quarter Inc. for two recent years are as follows:

a. Prepare an income statement in comparative form, stating each item for both years as a percent of sales. If required, round percentages to one decimal place. Enter all amounts as positive numbers.

b. The vertical analysis indicates that the cost of goods sold as a percent of sales   by 6 percentage points, while selling expenses   by 3 percentage points, and administrative expenses   by 1 percentage points. Thus, net income as a percent of sales   by 3 percentage points.

Question:

LCD Industries purchased a supply of electronic components from Entel Corporation on November 1, 2018. In payment for the $25.3 million purchase, LCD issued a 1-year installment note to be paid in equal monthly payments at the end of each month. The payments include interest at the rate of 24%. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.)

Required:

1. & 2. Prepare the journal entry for LCD's purchase of the components on November 1, 2018 and the first installment payment on November 30, 2018.

3. What is the amount of interest expense that LCD will report in its income statement for the year ended December 31, 2018?

Merrill Lynch is a large securities firm which uses the accrual method of accounting in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Merrill Lynch executes stock trades and performs settlement functions. Settlement functions include recording the sale and confirming it with the customer. Trades made on December 28, 2017, until the end of the month are not settled until mid-January of 2018. Merrill Lynch netted $100,000,000 of sales commissions from these trades in late December 2017. Since the security is not credited to the customer’s account until settlement date, Merrill Lynch wants to report the Revenue on their 2017 Income Statement but wants to declare the income on the tax return for 2018 because it coincides with the settlement dates in 2018. Taxpayer does not receive the money until January 2018. Draft a written memo to the client addressing the following research issues: Merrill Lynch contacts you for guidance on this issue. Should the revenue be reported in 2017 or 2018 for financial statement reporting purposes? Why? Please site the specific guidance you followed in response to your research question. The primary issue you should research is whether an accrual basis securities firm has gross income under sec. 451(a) on the trading date or the next year on the settlement date when all the work is performed, payment is due, and money received?

Activity-Based Life-Cycle Costing

Kagle design engineers are in the process of developing a new “green” product, one that will significantly reduce impact on the environment and yet still provide the desired customer functionality. Currently, two designs are being considered. The manager of Kagle has told the engineers that the cost for the new product cannot exceed $500 per unit (target cost). In the past, the Cost Accounting Department has given estimated costs using a unit-based system. At the request of the Engineering Department, Cost Accounting is providing both unit- and activity-based accounting information (made possible by a recent pilot study producing the activity-based data).

Unit-based system:
Variable conversion activity rate: $110 per direct labor hour
Material usage rate: $15 per part

ABC system:
Labor usage: $25 per direct labor hour
Material usage (direct materials): $30 per part
Machining: $80 per machine hour
Purchasing activity: $150 per purchase order
Setup activity: $3,600 per setup hour
Warranty activity: $500 per returned unit (usually requires extensive rework)
Customer repair cost: $35 per repair hour (average)

Required:

1. Select the lower-cost design using unit-based costing.

Are logistical and post-purchase activities considered in this analysis?

2. Select the lower-cost design using ABC analysis.

3. What if the post-purchase cost was an environmental contaminant and amounted to $10 per unit for Design A and $40 per unit for Design B? Compute the Post-purchase cost for each design.

Assume that the environmental cost is borne by society. Now which is the better design?

Johnson Corporation began 2016 with inventory of 10,000 units of its only product. The units cost $8 each. The company uses a periodic inventory system and the LIFO cost method. The following transactions occurred during 2016:

a. Purchased 50,000 additional units at a cost of $10 per unit. Terms of the purchases were 2/10, n/30, and 100% of the purchases were paid for within the 10-day discount period. The company uses the gross method to record purchase discounts. The merchandise was purchased f.o.b. shipping point and freight charges of $.50 per unit were paid by Johnson.

b. 1,000 units purchased during the year were returned to suppliers for credit. Johnson was also given credit for the freight charges of $.50 per unit it had paid on the original purchase. The units were defective and were returned two days after they were received.

c. Sales for the year totaled 45,000 units at $18 per unit.

d. On December 28, 2016, Johnson purchased 5,000 additional units at $10 each. The goods were shipped f.o.b. destination and arrived at Johnson's warehouse on January 4, 2017.

e. 14,000 units were on hand at the end of 2016.

Required:

1. Determine ending inventory and cost of goods sold for 2016.

2. Assuming that operating expenses other than those indicated in the above transactions amounted to $150,000, determine income before income taxes for 2016.

Smith Distributors, Inc., supplies ice cream shops with various toppings for making sundaes. On November 17, 2016, a fire resulted in the loss of all of the toppings stored in one section of the warehouse. The company must provide its insurance company with an estimate of the amount of inventory lost. The following information is available from the company’s accounting records:

Required:

1. Calculate the estimated cost of each of the toppings lost in the fire.

2. What factors could cause the estimates to be over-or understated?

Tony and Suzie graduate from college in May 2021 and begin developing their new business. They begin by offering clinics for basic outdoor activities such as mountain biking or kayaking. Upon developing a customer base, they’ll hold their first adventure races. These races will involve four-person teams that race from one checkpoint to the next using a combination of kayaking, mountain biking, orienteering, and trail running. In the long run, they plan to sell outdoor gear and develop a ropes course for outdoor enthusiasts.

On July 1, 2021, Tony and Suzie organize their new company as a corporation, Great Adventures Inc. The articles of incorporation state that the corporation will sell 23,000 shares of common stock for $1 each. Each share of stock represents a unit of ownership. Tony and Suzie will act as co-presidents of the company. The following transactions occur from July 1 through December 31.

The following information relates to year-end adjusting entries as of December 31, 2021.

1. Depreciation of the mountain bikes purchased on July 8 and kayaks purchased on August 4 totals $7,800.
2. Six months’ of the one-year insurance policy purchased on July 1 has expired.
3. Four months of the one-year rental agreement purchased on September 1 has expired.
4. Of the $1,700 of office supplies purchased on July 4, $280 remains.
5. Interest expense on the $41,000 loan obtained from the city council on August 1 should be recorded.
6. Of the $2,000 of racing supplies purchased on December 12, $220 remains.
7. Suzie calculates that the company owes $14,700 in income taxes.

CP13-54 (similar to) After looking into debt financing through​ notes, mortgage, and bonds​ payable, Outdoor Adventure Company decides to raise additional capital for a planned business expansion. The company will be able to acquire cash as well as land adjacent to its current business location. Before the following​ transactions, the balance in Common Stock on January​ 1, 2021 was $ 170 000 and included 170 000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.​ (There was no​ Paid-In Capital in Excess of Par l​Common.) Outdoor Adventure Company had the following transactions in 2021​:

Wember Company acquired a subsidiary company on December 31, 2012, and recorded the cost of the intangible assets it acquired as follows:

The patent is being amortized by the straight-line method over an expected life of 10 years with no residual value. Amortization has been recorded for the current year. The trade name was considered to have an indefinite life.

Because of the success of the subsidiary in the past, Wember has not previously considered any of the intangible assets to be impaired. However, in 2016, because of a current recession and technological changes in the subsidiary’s industry, Wember decides to review all of its intangible assets for impairment and record any adjustments at December 31, 2016.

Wember estimates that the fair value of the patent is $42,000. The company estimates the fair value of the trade name to be $90,000 but decides that it now has a limited life of 5 years. The subsidiary company, which qualifies as a reporting unit, has a book value of $700,000, including the goodwill of $150,000. Wember estimates that the fair value of the subsidiary company is $400,000, of which it allocates 80% to the identifiable assets and liabilities.

Required:

Halifax Manufacturing allows its customers to return merchandise for any reason up to 90 days after delivery and receive a credit to their accounts. All of Halifax's sales are for credit (no cash is collected at the time of sale). The company began 2018 with a refund liability of $330,000. During 2018, Halifax sold merchandise on account for $11,800,000. Halifax's merchandise costs it 70% of merchandise selling price. Also during the year, customers returned $345,000 in sales for credit, with $191,000 of those being returns of merchandise sold prior to 2018, and the rest being merchandise sold during 2018. Sales returns, estimated to be 3% of sales, are recorded as an adjusting entry at the end of the year.

Required:

1. Prepare entries to (a) record actual returns in 2018 of merchandise that was sold prior to 2018; (b) record actual returns in 2018 of merchandise that was sold during 2018; and (c) adjust the refund liability to its appropriate balance at year end.
2. What is the amount of the year-end refund liability after the adjusting entry is recorded?

The Lakeside Company uses a weighted-average process costing system. The following data are available:

Total cost of the 17,000 units finished is:

Multiple Choice

• $90,604.

• $99,164.

• $84,168.

• $88,534.

High Country, Inc., produces and sells many recreational products. The company has just opened a new plant to produce a folding camp cot that will be marketed throughout the United States. The following cost and revenue data relate to May, the first month of the plant’s operation:

Management is anxious to assess the profitability of the new camp cot during the month of May.

Required:

1. Assume that the company uses absorption costing.

a. Determine the unit product cost.

b. Prepare an income statement for May.

2. Assume that the company uses variable costing.

a. Determine the unit product cost.

b. Prepare a contribution format income statement for May.

Exercise 7-28 (Algo) Receivables; transaction analysis [LO7-3, 7-5, 7-6, 7-7, 7-8]

Weldon Corporation’s fiscal year ends December 31. The following is a list of transactions involving receivables that occurred during 2021:

• 1

  Accounts receivable of $3,100 were written off as uncollectible. The company uses the allowance method.

• 2

  Loaned an officer of the company $39,000 and received a note requiring principal and interest at 8% to be paid on March 30, 2022.

• 3

  Record the accrued interest revenue on the discounted note.

• 4

  Record the cash received on the discounted note.

• 5

  Sold merchandise to the Blankenship Company for $26,000. Terms of the sale are 3/10, n/30. Weldon uses the gross method to account for cash discounts.

• 6

  The Blankenship Company paid its account in full.

• 7

  Sold stock with a book value of $6,400 and accepted a $7,400 noninterest-bearing note with a discount rate of 9% due on February 28, 2022.

• 8

  To record the accrual of interest earned on note receivable.

• 9

  To record the accrual of bad debt expense.

Briefly explain the three classes of creditors specified in the Bankruptcy Code.