true or false-

1. an overstatement of ending inventory will result in an understatement of net income in the year the error occurs.

2. In a periodic system, beginning inventory plus net purchases equals cost of goods sold.

Explain reason in detail.

Marigold Company’s ledger shows the following balances on December 31, 2017. 8% Preferred Stock—$10 par value, outstanding 20,400 shares $ 204,000 Common Stock—$100 par value, outstanding 27,300 shares 2,730,000 Retained Earnings 589,000 Assuming that the directors decide to declare total dividends in the amount of $396,000, determine how much each class of stock should receive under each of the conditions stated below. One year‘s dividends are in arrears on the preferred stock. (a) The preferred stock is cumulative and fully participating. (Round the rate of participation to 4 decimal places, e.g.1.4278%. Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. $38,487.) Preferred Common $Entry field with incorrect answer now contains modified data $Entry field with incorrect answer now contains modified data (b) The preferred stock is noncumulative and nonparticipating. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. $38,487.) Preferred Common $Entry field with correct answer 16320 $Entry field with correct answer 379680 (c) The preferred stock is noncumulative and is participating in distributions in excess of a 10% dividend rate on the common stock. (Round the rate of participation to 4 decimal places, e.g.1.4278%. Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. $38,487.) Preferred Common $Entry field with incorrect answer now contains modified data 8011 $Entry field with incorrect answer 109189

Highpoint owns a 95 percent majority voting interest in Middlebury. In turn, Middlebury owns an 80 percent majority voting interest in Lowton. In the current year, each firm reports the following income and dividends. Separate Company income figures do not include any investment or dividend income.

Separate Company Income   Dividends Declared

Highpoint      $425,000                    $200,000

Middlebury  340,000                 150,000 

Lowton          250,000              75,000

EXCEL - All calculations should be performed within the spreadsheet-you should enter only the numbers that are provided by the problem, and every other calculation should be done using an Excel formula.

In addition, in computing its income on a full accrual basis, Middlebury’s acquisition of Lowton necessitates excess acquisition-date fair value over book value amortizations of $25,000 per year. Similarly, Highpoint’s acquisition of Middlebury requires $20,000 of excess fair-value amortizations.

Required Prepare an Excel spreadsheet that computes the following:

1. Middlebury’s net income including its equity in Lowton earnings.

2. Highpoint’s net income including its equity in Middlebury’s total earnings.

3. Total entity net income for the three companies.

4. Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests.

5. Difference between these elements: Highpoint’s net income. Total entity net income for the three companies less net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests of the total entity. (Hint: The difference between these two amounts should be zero.)

<3 <3 <3 who ever complete this thanks I will try to learn on this example for the future!!

Risk Assessment- Exercise #1

Social Konnections Inc. (SKI or the “Company”) is a global Internet company that runs Social Konnections, a large social media networking Web site. SKI has experienced steep growth since its launch in 2005, and the Company went public in 2007. SKI currently has over 500 million active users who visit the site to connect with others, express themselves, and play games.

Last year, substantially all of SKI’s revenue came from advertisers who market their products and services to SKI’s active users through advertisements placed on the Web site or its various mobile platforms.

The founder of the company serves as the CEO and is also on the chairman of the board of directors. The CFO is also one of the co-founders of the company. Both have been serving in these roles since 2005.

In Q1 of the current fiscal year, SKI acquired Corporate Collaborations (CC), an entity that manages private and public social media networks for corporations. CC’s customers are primarily national and global companies whose employees connect over its platform. In addition to hosting private social media networks for corporations, CC provides services to develop the networks it manages. CC’s revenues are earned through the performance of multiyear revenue contracts with its customers. In the current year, CC is expected to produce approximately 20 percent of SKI’s consolidated revenue.

SKI’s investors are focused on the growth prospects of the Company’s legacy open social media platform operations and its new corporate revenue unit. The Company’s MD&A disclosures include (1) various user and revenue metrics to help financial statement users assess its traditional operations and (2) backlog information to help users assess CC’s operations.

Advertising Revenue

SKI creates advertising space on its Web site and mobile applications and sells the space to advertisers either directly, or through advertising agencies. According to Mr. Cook, the

amount an advertiser pays is dependent on the number of views the ad receives or the number of user clicks (depending on the type of advertisement defined in the underlying contract) and the revenue is recorded in the period in which the views or clicks are made.

Ms. Drew has learned that simple advertising can be purchased directly from SKI through SKI’s advertising Web site at standard rates, with the advertisements and terms input directly into the Company’s ad delivery platform. However, most advertising revenue is generated directly through the advertising sales team, which has the ability to help advertisers develop more sophisticated advertising campaigns. Management has established minimum pricing and volume thresholds for these advertisements; however, the sales staff is given significant latitude in securing contracts with customers. Extra commissions are paid to sales individuals who sign longer-term contracts that meet minimum revenue targets.

Once a contract is signed, the ad development department creates the ad content and obtains the customer’s approval. The approved ad and the contract are electronically sent to the ad scheduling department, and the advertisement is uploaded into the Company’s ad delivery platform. The ad delivery platform is a robust system and is designed to capture all the nuances associated with the contract. For example, an advertiser may wish to have its ads displayed only to users whose IP addresses are from a specific geographic location, or the contract may be structured to provide the advertiser with variable pricing or incentives (such as a set of free advertisements) once a certain level has been paid for. In summary, the delivery platform captures all the relevant pricing information associated with the contract to allow for real-time revenue recognition according to the terms of the contract. After the contract is entered into the system, a summary of the contract setup is provided to the sales manager that worked with the customer. The sales manager then reviews the contract setup for accuracy.

The Company’s ad delivery platform automatically tracks the advertising activity each day and reports the activity to its customers, who are then billed weekly for the aggregate ad activity.

Ms. Drew’s Concern

Ms. Drew is concerned about several things she has learned regarding the appropriateness of management’s revenue recognition policies.

Financial Statements

Balance Sheet:

*Assets consist primarily of cash, land/building, patents, goodwill, and other assets.

** As you plan your audit this is the latest financial information available.

Controls

The Company’s has various controls in place. The CFO performs a checklist on a monthly basis to review the performance of the company. The CFO reports to the CEO every quarter. The CEO reports to the chairman of the board of directors once a year before the financial statements are prepared and released to the public.

The company has over 10 thousand employees around the world, of which 4 thousand work at the headquarters. All employees receive the company’s code of ethics that was prepared in 2005 when the company was founded. The CEO was in recent trouble when he posted controversial messages on the social platform that offended people of a certain group. The company has One hundred different controls across the company and across the world related to operations of the company and revenue.

The company uses 10 different IT systems as the company is growing quickly it has had to adopt and adds new systems whenever they are needed.

The leaders of one of the main divisions recently left to go work for Facebook, and has not been replaced for the last 4 months.

Controls have changed a lot since last year because the company is so dynamic and the environment is so fast paced. Employees are always trying to keep up with the new systems and new controls.

Audit

Because of SKI’s continued growth, the audit committee has requested that the Company choose a new audit firm with experience in auditing public technology companies.

Kristine Drew, a senior auditor, is the in-charge accountant on the proposal and planning of the SKI audit. In addition to her supervisory and administrative responsibilities, Ms. Drew is responsible for auditing revenue and determining the risk assessment for the audit.

Ms. Drew has read the Company’s disclosed accounting policies and is interviewing the revenue controller, Bill Cook, and various sales personnel to develop in-depth process flow documentation that will serve as the basis for the team’s risk assessment.

Required:

1. What would you set Audit risk, Control Risk, Inherent Risk, and Detection risk? (Very low, low, medium, or high)
2. Are there are significant or fraud risks that you have identified? (If any why are they fraud or significant risks?)
3. What other information do you need to plan your audit approach? Where would you get this information from? For each piece of information indicate where you might receive it from and how? (ex: who else is on the board of directors- obtained through inquiry.)
4. What benchmark would you use to calculate materiality? Why? (ex: revenue, EBITDA, Equity, Assets, etc)
5. Using the benchmark and guidance in the book calculate “overall materiality” for your audit? (ex: 8% of Equity ($60m)= $2.4m).
6. For Revenue what assertions are the most important for you to test?
7. For Revenue what are your concerns with each of those assertions based on the information above?
8. What are the things about testing revenue that you are concerned about (specifically what parts of the company’s process if any concern you)? (Example: An employee could steal money from the bank account, or revenue could be modified in the accounting software by an employee.) (Focus on the actual real process for the company described above to make this determination.)
9. For your audit approach would you choose to test controls or primarily perform substantive procedures? If so what would be your mix of control testing to substantive testing? (ex: 50% controls, and 50% substantive)
10. Would you accept this audit? If not why not?

Edit question

Alvin is a successful sole practitioner offering business consultancy services to a number of local companies. His chief competitor is Betty, who offers similar services. Betty and Alvin decide that they wish to work together, but are not sure as to which business structure would be most appropriate. They seek your advice regarding which business structure would be most suitable, bearing in mind:

• they wish to avoid many formalities and regulations;

• they expect to have flexibility in establishing the procedures by which the business is to be run;

• they want to be able to run their private affairs at the same time;

• they do not want to incur personal liabilities for the debts of the business;

• the business can be set up in a relatively cheap and quick manner;

• they do not want to put in large amounts of their own capital in setting up the business and will probably wish to raise capital from outside sources;

• they wish to take on employees.

Discuss to what extent the various business structures fulfil all, or some, of the above aims and advise Alvin and Betty which business structure would be most suitable for their business. (600 words)

"Accounting for a Loss Contingency"

• Do the provisions of SAB 92 allow the company to reflect the true impact of the loss?
• What changes would you recommend to SAB 92?
• Please provide a rationale for your responses.

Risk Assessment- Exercise #1

Social Konnections Inc. (SKI or the “Company”) is a global Internet company that runs Social Konnections, a large social media networking Web site. SKI has experienced steep growth since its launch in 2005, and the Company went public in 2007. SKI currently has over 500 million active users who visit the site to connect with others, express themselves, and play games.

Last year, substantially all of SKI’s revenue came from advertisers who market their products and services to SKI’s active users through advertisements placed on the Web site or its various mobile platforms.

The founder of the company serves as the CEO and is also on the chairman of the board of directors. The CFO is also one of the co-founders of the company. Both have been serving in these roles since 2005.

In Q1 of the current fiscal year, SKI acquired Corporate Collaborations (CC), an entity that manages private and public social media networks for corporations. CC’s customers are primarily national and global companies whose employees connect over its platform. In addition to hosting private social media networks for corporations, CC provides services to develop the networks it manages. CC’s revenues are earned through the performance of multiyear revenue contracts with its customers. In the current year, CC is expected to produce approximately 20 percent of SKI’s consolidated revenue.

SKI’s investors are focused on the growth prospects of the Company’s legacy open social media platform operations and its new corporate revenue unit. The Company’s MD&A disclosures include (1) various user and revenue metrics to help financial statement users assess its traditional operations and (2) backlog information to help users assess CC’s operations.

Advertising Revenue

SKI creates advertising space on its Web site and mobile applications and sells the space to advertisers either directly, or through advertising agencies. According to Mr. Cook, the

amount an advertiser pays is dependent on the number of views the ad receives or the number of user clicks (depending on the type of advertisement defined in the underlying contract) and the revenue is recorded in the period in which the views or clicks are made.

Ms. Drew has learned that simple advertising can be purchased directly from SKI through SKI’s advertising Web site at standard rates, with the advertisements and terms input directly into the Company’s ad delivery platform. However, most advertising revenue is generated directly through the advertising sales team, which has the ability to help advertisers develop more sophisticated advertising campaigns. Management has established minimum pricing and volume thresholds for these advertisements; however, the sales staff is given significant latitude in securing contracts with customers. Extra commissions are paid to sales individuals who sign longer-term contracts that meet minimum revenue targets.

Once a contract is signed, the ad development department creates the ad content and obtains the customer’s approval. The approved ad and the contract are electronically sent to the ad scheduling department, and the advertisement is uploaded into the Company’s ad delivery platform. The ad delivery platform is a robust system and is designed to capture all the nuances associated with the contract. For example, an advertiser may wish to have its ads displayed only to users whose IP addresses are from a specific geographic location, or the contract may be structured to provide the advertiser with variable pricing or incentives (such as a set of free advertisements) once a certain level has been paid for. In summary, the delivery platform captures all the relevant pricing information associated with the contract to allow for real-time revenue recognition according to the terms of the contract. After the contract is entered into the system, a summary of the contract setup is provided to the sales manager that worked with the customer. The sales manager then reviews the contract setup for accuracy.

The Company’s ad delivery platform automatically tracks the advertising activity each day and reports the activity to its customers, who are then billed weekly for the aggregate ad activity.

Ms. Drew’s Concern

Ms. Drew is concerned about several things she has learned regarding the appropriateness of management’s revenue recognition policies.

Financial Statements

Balance Sheet:

*Assets consist primarily of cash, land/building, patents, goodwill, and other assets.

** As you plan your audit this is the latest financial information available.

Controls

The Company’s has various controls in place. The CFO performs a checklist on a monthly basis to review the performance of the company. The CFO reports to the CEO every quarter. The CEO reports to the chairman of the board of directors once a year before the financial statements are prepared and released to the public.

The company has over 10 thousand employees around the world, of which 4 thousand work at the headquarters. All employees receive the company’s code of ethics that was prepared in 2005 when the company was founded. The CEO was in recent trouble when he posted controversial messages on the social platform that offended people of a certain group. The company has One hundred different controls across the company and across the world related to operations of the company and revenue.

The company uses 10 different IT systems as the company is growing quickly it has had to adopt and adds new systems whenever they are needed.

The leaders of one of the main divisions recently left to go work for Facebook, and has not been replaced for the last 4 months.

Controls have changed a lot since last year because the company is so dynamic and the environment is so fast paced. Employees are always trying to keep up with the new systems and new controls.

Audit

Because of SKI’s continued growth, the audit committee has requested that the Company choose a new audit firm with experience in auditing public technology companies.

Kristine Drew, a senior auditor, is the in-charge accountant on the proposal and planning of the SKI audit. In addition to her supervisory and administrative responsibilities, Ms. Drew is responsible for auditing revenue and determining the risk assessment for the audit.

Ms. Drew has read the Company’s disclosed accounting policies and is interviewing the revenue controller, Bill Cook, and various sales personnel to develop in-depth process flow documentation that will serve as the basis for the team’s risk assessment.

Required:

1. What would you set Audit risk, Control Risk, Inherent Risk, and Detection risk? (Very low, low, medium, or high)
2. Are there are significant or fraud risks that you have identified? (If any why are they fraud or significant risks?)
3. What other information do you need to plan your audit approach? Where would you get this information from? For each piece of information indicate where you might receive it from and how? (ex: who else is on the board of directors- obtained through inquiry.)
4. What benchmark would you use to calculate materiality? Why? (ex: revenue, EBITDA, Equity, Assets, etc)
5. Using the benchmark and guidance in the book calculate “overall materiality” for your audit? (ex: 8% of Equity ($60m)= $2.4m).
6. For Revenue what assertions are the most important for you to test?
7. For Revenue what are your concerns with each of those assertions based on the information above?
8. What are the things about testing revenue that you are concerned about (specifically what parts of the company’s process if any concern you)? (Example: An employee could steal money from the bank account, or revenue could be modified in the accounting software by an employee.) (Focus on the actual real process for the company described above to make this determination.)
9. For your audit approach would you choose to test controls or primarily perform substantive procedures? If so what would be your mix of control testing to substantive testing? (ex: 50% controls, and 50% substantive)
10. Would you accept this audit? If not why not?

Sandhill Co. sold $3,300,000, 7%, 10-year bonds on January 1, 2017. The bonds were dated January 1, 2017, and pay interest on January 1. The company uses straight-line amortization on bond premiums and discounts. Financial statements are prepared annually.

Show the long-term liabilities balance sheet presentation for issuance of the bonds sold at 104 at December 31, 2017.

Show the long-term liabilities balance sheet presentation for issuance of the bonds sold at 97 at December 31, 2017.

Accounting can really be considered the “language of business”. What does this actually mean? With the increase of businesses being conducted internationally explain why it might be necessary to create an international accounting language. What would be the possible benefits and drawbacks of establishing such a universal business language?

Kramer Corp. began the current period with 4,000 units in process that were 100% complete as to materials and 60% complete as to conversion. Costs of $7,500 in direct materials and $4,700 in conversion costs were incurred in manufacturing those units in the previous period. Kramer ended the current period with 20,000 units completed and 5,00 units still in process. Work in process was 100% complete as to materials and 70% complete as to conversion costs. Kramer incurred $67,500 in direct materials costs, $7,000 in direct labor costs, and $40,00 in manufacturing overhead costs during the period.

1.) Reconcile the number physical units worked on in the current month.

2.) Calculate the number of equivalent units for conversion costs.

3.) Calculate the cost per equivalent unit for conversion costs. (Round to 2 decimals)

​​​​​​​3.) Reconcile the total cost of completed and ending work in process inventory.

If you can please provided the formula so I can practice on similar questions and how you figured it out. Thanks!

You have decided to start your own small business selling SkatePlates—mini skateboards which clip on to users’ shoes. You think you have a good product, but know there is lots of competition for the target market you hope will buy your product.

You hope to quickly develop a solid customer base before consolidating in years 2–4 of your business. In five years you hope to enter a growth phase.

You recognise the importance of developing profit goals/ targets and have decided to document the various methods so they remain at the forefront of your mind.

1. Describe at least four methods you could use to help you set appropriate profit goals/ targets.

You have just been made a valuation analyst. Before you get training (what else is new!), your boss asks you to value a number of items: 1) a publicly-traded company; 2) a family business; 3) a shopping center; 4) an oil refinery; 5) a patent or trademark; and, by the way, 6) did the local tax assessor correctly value his house? How might you go about these tasks? While the course concentrates on the first two items, we will discuss, at least in passing, the remaining ones. I don't expect everyone to comment on every situation, but I am looking for a variety of comments to help establish the base from which we are proceeding.

higher receivable turnover than payable turnover what does this say about a company

Donellys, Inc. has prepared the following comparative balance sheets for 2007 and 2008: 2008 2007 Cash $ 297,000 $ 153,000 Receivables 159,000 107,000 Inventory 150,000 180,000 Prepaid expenses 18,000 27,000 Plant assets 1,260,000 1,050,000 Accumulated depreciation (450,000) (375,000) Patent, net (intangible asset) 153,000 174,000 $1,587,000 $1,316,000 Accounts payable $ 153,000 $ 168,000 Accrued liabilities 60,000 42,000 Bonds payable 0 450,000 Preferred stock 645,000 0 Common stock 600,000 600,000 Retained earnings 129,000 56,000 $1,587,000 $1,316,000 1. The Accumulated Depreciation account has been credited only for the depreciation expense for the period. That is, there was no plant asset sold during 2008. 2. During 2008, new plant assets were purchased for $210,000. 3. No Patent was purchased or sold during 2008. For 2008 Year Net income $211,000 Net sales 1,980,000 COGS 1,089,000 Depreciation expense 75,000 Amortization of patents 21,000 Cash dividends declared and paid 138,000 Required: 1. Prepare a Statement of Cash Flows for Donellys, Inc. for the year 2008. (Use the indirect method.) 2. From the information provided, calculate the following items for the direct method. A. Cash received from customers. (Hint: Work on A/R account.) B. Cash paid to suppliers. (Hint: Work on Inventory and A/P accounts.)

Problem 4-01A a-d (Video) The trial balance columns of the worksheet for Warren Roofing at March 31, 2020, are as follows. Warren Roofing Worksheet For the Month Ended March 31, 2020 Trial Balance Account Titles Dr. Cr. Cash 4,500 Accounts Receivable 3,200 Supplies 2,000 Equipment 11,000 Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment 1,250 Accounts Payable 2,500 Unearned Service Revenue 550 Owner’s Capital 12,900 Owner’s Drawings 1,100 Service Revenue 6,300 Salaries and Wages Expense 1,300 Miscellaneous Expense 400 23,500 23,500 Other data: 1. A physical count reveals only $480 of roofing supplies on hand. 2. Depreciation for March is $250. 3. Unearned revenue amounted to $260 at March 31. 4. Accrued salaries are $700.

Prepare a classified balance sheet at March 31. (List Current Assets in order of liquidity.)