Hamilton Company uses a periodic inventory system. At the end of the annual accounting period, December 31, 2015, the accounting records provided the following information for product 1:

In its Department R, Recyclers, Inc., processes donated scrap cloth into towels for sale in local thrift shops. It sells the products at cost. The direct materials costs are zero, but the operation requires the use of direct labor and overhead. The company uses a process costing system and tracks the processing volume and costs incurred in each period. At the start of the current period, 300 towels were in process and were 60 percent complete. The costs incurred were $576. During the month, costs of $10,800 were incurred, 2,700 towels were started, and 150 towels were still in process at the end of the month. At the end of the month, the towels were 20 percent complete.

Required: a. Prepare a production cost report; the company uses FIFO process costing.

b. Show the flow of costs through T-accounts. Assume that current period conversion costs are credited to various payables.

Pitino acquired 80 percent of Brey's outstanding shares on January 1, 2019, in exchange for $369,000 in cash. The subsidiary's stockholders' equity accounts totaled $353,000, and the noncontrolling interest had a fair value of $92,250 on that day. However, a building (with a ten-year remaining life) in Brey's accounting records was undervalued by $19,000. Pitino assigned the rest of the excess fair value over book value to Brey's patented technology (five-year remaining life).

Brey reported net income from its own operations of $67,000 in 2019 and $83,000 in 2020. Brey declared dividends of $18,000 in 2019 and $22,000 in 2020.

Brey sells inventory to Pitino as follows:

At December 31, 2021, Pitino owes Brey $19,000 for inventory acquired during the period.

The following separate account balances are for these two companies for December 31, 2021, and the year then ended.

Note: Parentheses indicate a credit balance.

1. What was the annual amortization resulting from the acquisition-date fair-value allocations?

2. Were the intra-entity transfers upstream or downstream?

3. What intra-entity gross profit in inventory existed as of January 1, 2021?

4. What intra-entity gross profit in inventory existed as of December 31, 2021?

5. What amounts make up the $59,540 Equity Earnings of Brey account balance for 2021?

6. What is the net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest for 2021?

7. What amounts make up the $456,000 Investment in Brey account balance as of December 31, 2021?

8. Prepare the 2021 worksheet entry to eliminate the subsidiary’s beginning owners’ equity balances.

9. Without preparing a worksheet or consolidation entries, determine the consolidation balances for these two companies.

I ONLY NEED QUESTIONS 7,8, AND 9

Question 2: Input price and input efficiency variances

The budgeted and actual data for direct materials and labor are as follows:

Actual sales volume is 100 units. Budgeted sales volume is 80 units.

a) Without computations, characterize the following variances as favorable or unfavorable:
input price variance for DM F U

input efficiency variance for DM F U

input price variance for DL F U

input efficiency variance for DL F U


b) Compute the input price and input efficiency variances for DM and DL.
As a preliminary step, compute actual input quantity (total pounds or hours we actually used) and flexible budget input quantity (total pounds or hours we should have used for actual output):
    actual input quantity for DM =  pounds
    flexible budget input quantity for DM =  pounds
    actual input quantity for DL =  hours
    flexible budget input quantity for DL =  hours
Next, compute the variances. Enter favorable variances as a positive number and unfavorable variances as a negative number. Do NOT enter F or U.
    input price variance for DM = $
    input efficiency variance for DM = $
    input price variance for DL = $
    input efficiency variance for DL = $

Please read the "Bernard L. Madoff: The Fraud of the Century" case study (C37 in the Case Study section near the end of textbook).

Required:

After reading the case, please respond to the following questions:

1. Under the fundamental principles governing an audit covered in Chapter 2, we learned that auditors are required to exercise due care and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. Based on the case information, do you believe that the auditors from Friehling & Horowitz exercised due care and maintained professional skepticism throughout the audit? Why or why not?
2. After the Madoff case, the SEC instituted a number of reforms to its operations. Please visit the SEC's website (www.sec.gov (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.) and search for Post-Madoff reforms. Next, please identify the two reforms that you believe will have the best chance of detecting illegal activity such as the activities of Madoff. Make sure to provide justification for your choices.
3. Consider section 24 of the Securities Act of 1933 and section 32 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (see Module C in Part III of textbook). Based on the case information, do you believe that Madoff's auditor, Friehling, should be facing criminal charges? Why or why not?

Clark and Shiffer LLP perform activities related to e-commerce consulting and information systems in Vancouver, British Columbia. The firm, which bills $162 per hour for services performed, is in a very tight local labor market and is having difficulty finding quality help for its overworked professional staff. The cost per hour for professional staff time is $72. Selected information follows. • Billable hours to clients for the year totaled 8,200, consisting of: information systems services, 4,920; e-commerce consulting, 3,280. • Administrative cost of $414,760 was (and continues to be) allocated to both services based on billable hours. These costs consist of staff support, $221,520; in-house computing, $156,000; and miscellaneous office charges, $37,240. A recent analysis of staff support costs found a correlation with the number of clients served. In-house computing and miscellaneous office charges varied directly with the number of computer hours logged and number of client transactions, respectively. A tabulation revealed the following data:

First, search the internet for the official website of a nonprofit organization that interests you (The American National Red Cross). When you review this website, locate the 2018 or 2019 financial statements. Use the financial statements you locate to answer the following questions:

• How does the audit opinion given to this nonprofit entity by its independent auditors differ from the audit opinion rendered on the financial statements for a for-profit business?
• What are some significant differences you see between the report you just reviewed and a for-profit statement?

Brent received 1,000 shares of Alabama Corporation stock from his uncle as a gift on July​ 20, 2017​, when the stock had a $275,000 FMV. His uncle paid $ 100,000 for the stock on April​ 12, 2002. The taxable gift was $ 275,000​, because his uncle made another gift to Brent for $25,000 in January and used the annual exclusion. The uncle paid a gift tax of $13,750. Without considering the transactions​ below, Brent's AGI is $75,000 in 2018. No other transactions involving capital assets occur during the year.

Analyze each transaction​ below, independent of the​ others, and determine Brent's AGI in each case. ​(Do not round intermediary calculations. Only round the amounts you input in the cells to the nearest dollar. Use a minus sign or parentheses to enter a​ loss.)

a. He sells the stock on October​ 12, 2018​, for $281,000.

b. He sells the stock on October​ 12, 2018​, for $106,750.

c. He sells the stock on December​ 16, 2018​, for $269,000.

Making decisions often involves financial and nonfinancial factors. Provide a hypothetical example from your personal life of a situation in which you would consider both financial and nonfinancial factors. What factors would be considered?

Amber Mining and Milling, Inc., contracted with Truax Corporation to have constructed a custom-made lathe. The machine was completed and ready for use on January 1, 2018. Amber paid for the lathe by issuing a $500,000, three-year note that specified 4% interest, payable annually on December 31 of each year. The cash market price of the lathe was unknown. It was determined by comparison with similar transactions that 10% was a reasonable rate of interest. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.) Required: 1-a. Complete the table below to determine the price of the equipment. 1-b. Prepare the journal entry on January 1, 2018, for Amber Mining and Milling’s purchase of the lathe. 2. Prepare an amortization schedule for the three-year term of the note. 3. Prepare the journal entries to record (a) interest for each of the three years and (b) payment of the note at maturity.

Tracey Incorporated has been experiencing difficulty for some time due to erratic sales of its only product. The company’s contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below:

1. Complete the table above with the per unit information and the percent of sales information.

2. The president believes that a $16,000 increase in the monthly advertising budget, combined with an intensified effort by the sales staff, will result in an $80,000 increase in monthly sales. If the president is right, what will be the effect on the company’s monthly net operating income or loss?

3. Refer to the original data. The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction in the selling price, combined with an increase of $60,000 in the monthly advertising budget, will double unit sales. What will the new contribution format income statement look like if these changes are adopted? Should the changes be adopted?

4. Refer to the original data. The Marketing Department thinks that a fancy new package for the product would help sales. The new package would increase packaging costs by 75 cents per unit. Assuming no other changes, how many units would have to be sold each month to earn a profit of $9,750?

5. Refer to the original data. By automating, the company could reduce variable expense by $3 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase by $72,000 each month. Assuming that the company expects to sell 26,000 units next month, prepare two contribution format income statements, one assuming that operations are not automated and one assuming that they are.

NOT AUTOMATED

AUTOMATED

1. Computer the break-even point in both units sales and dollar sales for both the Not Automated and the Automated scenarios.

2. Computer the margin of safety in units, dollars, and percentage for both the Not Automated and the Automated scenarios.

3. Computer the degree of operating leverage for both the Not Automated and the Automated scenarios.

4. Compute the unit sales volume at which the net operating income is the same for either metho (This would be ‘the point of indifference’ and it is computed by taking the difference in the fixed expenses and dividing it by the difference in the variable expenses per unit.)

5. Would you recommend that the company automate its operations? Explain.

Is budgetary slack a desirable feature? Can it be prevented? Why or why not?

Heart of the City Electrical Supplies are merchandisers of household fixtures & fittings. The business began the last quarter of 2017 (October to December) with 25 Starburst Wall Clocks at a total cost of $153,000. The following transactions took place during the quarter. October 10 100 clocks were purchased on account at a cost of $6,225 each. In addition, Heart paid $120 cash on each clock to have the inventory shipped from the vendor’s warehouse to their warehouse October 31 During the month 90 clocks were sold at a price of $8,300 each. (20 of these clocks sold were on account to a long-standing customer of the business) November 1 A new batch of 60 clocks was purchased at a total cost of $406,500 November 10 5 of the clocks purchased on November 1 were returned to the supplier, as they were damaged November 30 The sales for November were 58 clocks which yielded total sales revenue of $428,000 December 2 Owing to increased demand, a further 110 clocks were purchased at a cost of $7,400 each and these were subject to a trade discount of 2% each. December 6 William Paul, a customer to whom 8 clocks were sold at the start of the first business day in November, returned 2 of the clocks, as they did not match his specifications. December 31 117 clocks were sold during December at a unit selling price of $9,220. December 31 An actual inventory count was carried out which revealed that there were 22 Starburst wall clocks in the store room. Unless otherwise stated, assume that all purchases are on account and all sales are for cash. Required: i) Prepare a perpetual inventory record for this merchandise, using the last in, first out (LIFO) method of inventory valuation, to determine the company’s cost of goods sold for the quarter and the value of ending inventory. ii) Given that selling & distribution and administrative costs for the quarter were $96,800 and $134,400 respectively, prepare an income statement for Heart of the City Electrical Supplies for the period ended December 31, 2017 iii) State the journal entries necessary to record the transactions on October 10 and October 31, assuming the company uses a: -Periodic inventory system -Perpetual inventory system

A company purchased a piece of manufacturing equipment for $30,000 on January 1, 2018. At that time, the company estimated the equipment would have a 7-year useful life and no salvage value. The company used straight-line depreciation based on this information through 2019. On December 31, 2020, the company determined the equipment instead has a 10-year useful life, with no salvage value. The company’s tax rate has been 30% since 2015.

What is the necessary adjustment to beginning retained earnings in 2020 for this change?