Question

describe what is involved in the innate immune system?

Answer 1

Innate immunity blocks the entry of foreign agent or any type of antigen in to our body by diffrent type of barriers. It is present at the time of birth so it also called inborn immunity. This is non specific immunity which works against all type of antigens. Innate immunity consist following type of barriers.

• Physical barriers :- Skin is main physical barrier which prevent the entry of microorganisms. Mucosal lining of respiratory tract, digestive tract, urogenital tract etc also prevent the entry of microorganisms.
• Physiological barriers :- It include some physiological function such as secretion of HCL in stomach, saliva in mouth, tear in eyes, swaet of skin, cerumen of ear etc which works responsible for killing of microbes. Lysozyme present in saliva, tear, cerumen, swaet etc which can destroy the bacterial pathogen.
• Cellular barriers :- Cellular barriers made up from the monocyte, macrophages and natural killer cells. Natural killer cells and monocytes phagocytose the and destroy the microbes in tissue while NK cells produce a protein calles perforins which creat a pore on plasma membrane for lysis of tumor cells or viral infected cells.
• Cellular barriers :- It consist interferons which secreted by viral infected cells to protect near by noninfected cells. Interferon also inhibit the viral replication so it also used to control viral disease.