Question

8. A systematic way to perform a physical assessment is to use the acronym RNS HOPE. Explain the meaning of this acronym.

9. As you position and drape an older adult patient, what care points must you consider?

10. Under what conditions is a neurologic check performed?

Answer 1

8. RNS HOPE is used to do an examination

     R is used to indicate Rest and activity.

      N is used to indicate nutrition, fluids, and electrolytes

       S is used to indicate safety and security

     H is used to indicate Hygiene

       O is used to indicate oxygenation

       P is used to indicate psycholosocial and learning

      E is used to indicate Elimination

RNS acronym is used to assess the basic needs of an individual. A nurse can use this RNS acronym in order to assess basic needs of an individual.

REST AND ACTIVITY: the nurse can ask the patient regarding the rest in a form of form of sleep and relaxation in his daily activities. The nurse can ask question and assess the patient regarding the type and quantity and find out the factor that limits his activities.

Nutrition, fluids AND electrolytes: he can be assessed by his 24 hours diet and fluid recall and quantity of fluid and fluids can be also assessed. he able to swallow, chew the foods and find out any allegies to any foods. his weight can be monitored.

SAFETY AND SECURITY: the patient can be assessed for any risks such as decreased sensory function mainly hearing , vision, touch, taste disturbances leads to any trauma, infection is due poor nutrition.nurse can assess him for his environement safety such as noise polluion, any trigger points can leads to mental trauma

HYGIENE: the patient can be assessed for maintaining and perform hygiene activities such as bathing, brushing, and toileting activities

OXYGENATION and circulation : he can be assessed able to breathe and checking oxygenation saturation, counting respirtaory rate and pulse rate

PSYCHOSOCIAL AND LEARNING: The nurse can assess the patient stress pattern, problems related to any problesm, illness and coping abilities of the patient to the illness and stressors

Elimination: the nurse can assess the his bowel and bladder patient by asking color, amount, odor, frequency, problems related to elimination and need to  provide any assistive devices to patient .

9. Older patient are vulnerable to pressure sore because of the decreased blood supply and fragile skin, wrinkled skin. The common pressure points to be protected while draping an old age patient

Supine position: The main pressure points are occipital, scapula, sacral region, elbows, and heels. these presure point to be taken care of while positioning the senior persons.

In side lying position: the main points are the ears, acromion process of the shoulder, ribs, greater trochanter of the hip, medial and lateral condyles of the knee, malleolus of the ankle joint. these pressure points are taken care of while positing a senior person in a sidelying position.

Prone position: The main points in the prone position are ears, cheeks, acromion process, knee, toes, breast in case of females, genitalia in case of males.prone position is different for both females and males because of structure of the body.

The condition that require neurological assessment is important

1. It is being performed in routine examination in yearly for all patient

2. It Is performed if   an individual had any trauma to head, neck and spine to determine types of neurologic deficits for example, tetraplegia, paraplegia, hemi paresis

3. It is being performed to assess the effectiveness of the treatment related to neurological disorder

4. It is performed in case of any changes in older age such as memory, vision, hearing, taste, smell, balance

5. It is being used to assess the advancement of disease. for example. in case of cancer patient, progression of disease can be assessed

6. It helps to assess and find out causes of symptoms for example   long standing headache, diplopia, cognitive changes, imbalance in walking and loss of coordination, constant temperature, any injury to head , neck, spine, slurred speech, deviation angle of mouth, tremor, seizures