Question

Name and describe two types of transport from the capillaries to the interstitial fluid.

Name and describe two types of passive transport and two types of active transport across cell membranes.

Answer 1

Answer1)

There are 2 Types of Transport by which fluids and nutrients moves from Capillaries into Interstitial spaces .

1) Dissusion 2) Filtration

Diffusion is the process in which the fluids and nutrients move from region of High concentration to Low concentration .Movement is across the Concentration gradient

Filtration is a process in which the movement of substances or fluids occus through barriers because of difference of pressures between 2 sides .( Like between Capillary and interstitium ) .

Answer 2)

Two types of Passive transport are

1) Diffusion and 2) Osmosis

Two types of Active transport are

1) Primary and 2) Secondary active transport .

Passive transport

1) Diffusion --->No energy is required and movement of Substances is from high concentration to Low concentration .

Eg a) Simple Diffusion -->ple diffusion
No carrier molecule involved

*No Tm (No transport maximum, i.e. not saturable)

*Follows Fick’s law of diffusion eg Transport of Carbon dioxide and Oxygen in Alveoli.

b)Facilitated diffusion
* No energy is required
* A carrier molecule is involved to which the subs-tance binds, therefore, it is also called passive carrier-mediated transport
*Has a Tm (it is saturable)
* It can be competitively and noncompetitively
inhibited
* It follows the enzyme-substrate kinetics of
Michaelis-Menten
* Example: Glucose transport by glucose trans-
porters (GLUT)

2) Osmosis --->

Osmosis is the flow of water across a semipermeable membrane from a solution with low solute concentration to a solution with high solute concentration.

****Active transport

1) Primary active transport ---> Sodium Potassium ATP ase ( Na+ pump) uses energy of ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate ) for movement of Sodium into cell .Movement of substance require energy as the movement is from low concentration to high concentration

2) Secondary active transport ---> Movement of one substrate generate energy which is used for movement of other substrate .eg Glucose is absorbed from renal Tubule by Secondary active transport .

It has two types

a) Cotransport b) Countertransport

**Co Transport--> movement of both substrate in same direction eg glucose ,galactose and amino acids Absorption in renal tubules .

**Contra transport -->movement of both Substances in opposite direction eg Na + H+ counter transport in PCT of kidney .