Question

In your own word, what do you understand by the word "Civilization"?

How many types of Constitutions can you think of?

Answer 1

Civilization refers to the human society which is organised and developed and where there is more knowledge,advanced technology, better means of communication to bring nature under control and live a sophisticated life ,One civilization is different from the other in development of skills,knowledge , and in technological development so that more complex problems can be solved in a better way for a better life.

Constitution is a body of rules that governs a country.The different types of constitution are written and unwritten ,codified and uncodified,flexible and inflexible,Monarchy and Republican,Presidential and Parliamentary.Federal and Unitary,Political and Legal.

Written is a document which is systematically created into laws whereas unwritten constitution is a legal body which has never been created as laws.India has a written constitution whereas the English constitution is unwritten.

Codified constitution is a set of laws that is created and uncodified constitution is based on customs and traditions.There is element of being uncodified in all codified constitution .In US the election of President is direct but there is provision for indirect election.

Flexible and inflexible constitution refers to flexibility in changing certain clause of the constitution .British constitution is flexible but constitution of USA is inflexible.

In Monarchy constitution , no state power is given to the citizens if they are not related to the monarch.However Republican constitution gives rights and freedom to all citizens.

The Presidential type gives power to the President and Parliamentary gives power to the parliament.

The Federal constitution also creates power at the state level whereas the Unitary constitution does not accept state government and only accepts central government.

The Political constitution is regarding the people who are holding political power and is flexible whereas legal constitution is concerned with the supreme court.