Question

”2. What is the function of the liver in digestion? ”

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”3. What role does the gall bladder play in digestion? ”

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”4. Why is the orientation of muscle of the stomach wall important? How does this contribute to its function? ”

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”5. Why does amylase from saliva stop working in the stomach? What other organ produces amylase? ”

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Answer 1

Answer 2:

Liver produces bile which digests the fat present in the food(chyme) in the duodenum into fatty acids and glycerol. Bile emulsifies the fat into small droplets which is then digested by pancreatic lipase into fatty acids and glycerol. Bile produced by liver also neutralizes the acid in small intestine which was produced by stomach.

Answer 3:

Bile produced from the liver is stored in the gall bladder. When the food (chyme) comes from stomach into duodenum then bile gets squeezed out from gall bladder and comes to duodenum via bile duct and then emulsifies the fat present in chyme into small droplets to increase the surface area for digestion by Pancreatic lipase into fatty acids and glycerol.

Answer 4:

The stomach has three layers of smooth muscle i.e outer longitudinal, middle circular, and the inner oblique muscles. These muscles are striated in different directions but they contract only in one direction. These muscles mix and break the stomach content into chyme and pushes it to duodenum.

Answer 5:

Stomach has the pH of 1-2 which is acidic in nature. At this pH the salivary amylase becomes inactive. Salivary amylase is active at neutral pH. Pancreas is other organ which also produces amylase i.e pancreatic amylase which digests carbohydrates present in the chyme in duodenum.