answer the following regarding DNA repair mechanisms

What is "direct repair"? Give a couple of examples of the enzymes involved. Which one requires light and what kind of mutation does it repair? Which one repairs bases with alkyl groups attached? Which base is involved?

What is “nucleotide-excision repair”? What kinds of mutations can it repair? In prokaryotes, what four key proteins are involved and how did they get their names? What two enzymes are involved?

What is “mismatch repair”? What does it do? This system corrects mistakes that have been missed by the normal correction system that occurs during DNA replication. Which enzyme normally corrects these mistakes during replication?

What source of DNA is usually used in “homologous recombination repair” to fix the mutated strand of DNA? During which parts of the cell cycle can this type of repair occur? HRR can also occasionally occur at other times, but the homologous regions may not be identical. Why might that be the case?

What happens during “nonhomolgous end joining”? During which part of the process might some of the sequence be lost? When during the cell cycle can this type of repair occur?

Discuss and evaluate the decision of the EPA to allow the use of Chlorpyrifos. Discuss the effects of this chemical, and the reasons why the EPA has decided to allow its use. Essay in 100 or more words please.

please answer the following regarding Mutation

Why do methylated cytosines produce hotspots for mutation?

What happens if an insertion or deletion mutation does not consist of a multiple of three nucleotides? What is this called?

What is “polarity” in relation to these gene mutations?

Mutations outside the coding sequence can speed up or slow down transcription. What are these mutations called and which is which? What is a “position effect”?

Pulp and Paper Question,

•H factor calculations.

–1. Cooking temp 175C. TTT: 35 minutes and TAT 120 minutes.

–2. Cooking temp 165C. TTT: 30 minutes and TAT 145 minutes.

what are some indirect effects (feedbacks) found in Rachael Carson "American Experience"?

Based on the article, Hydrogels for tissue engineering: scaffold design variables and applications:

Why are hydrogels used so often in tissue engineering? Compare and contrast hydrogels with other non-hydrogel based biomaterial.

how to increase the hydrolysis ability of enzyme?

Factors leading to degradation of DNA include all but:

How is evolution not just 'chance'?

Your answer

Are humans the only species that can learn 'language'? Consider the story of "Kanzi".

What segregates human communication from those of other apes?

1. name at least four mechanisms that may hold a hydrogel together without covalent bonds? In other words, physical crosslinking?

2. provide 2 examples on how pH sensitive polymers/hydrogels may be useful in biomedical field?

Please provide detain explanation how pH changed in human body and how the polymer in response to such change?

3. Why do think we need to incorporate cell instructive peptide (such as RGD) into PEG hydrogel

4. What are the two major degradable strategy in hydrogel?

What are the chemical components of normal enzymatic degradable crosslinker? Do you know why?

Explain the mechanism that electric fish use to produce electric organ discharges (EODs). Based on this explanation, why would a fish that uses EODs for hunting and defense be likely to be longer than one that uses electrical discharges solely for communication?

is it more energetically expensive to feed monosaccharides other than glucose into the glycolytic pathway? explain.

why is the cell's ability to regenerate NAD+ critical to glycolysis? which glycolytic enzyme requires NAD+?

List what transport protein you think is MOST important in the body. Defend your answer (provide your rationale). Obviously there are a LOT of choices.