Question

In: Chemistry

1.) What factors affect Rf values in thin-layer chromatography? 2.) What factors affect the separation on...

1.) What factors affect Rf values in thin-layer chromatography?

2.) What factors affect the separation on the column in column chromatography?

3.) What factors affect the resolution of the substances and their retention times in gas chromatography?

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. Factors affecting Rf value in TLC

(a) Solvents - Solvent is the carrier for the chemical in the TLC plate, polar solvents reduces the interaction between chemical compounds and TLC place and makes the chemical move faster, and non-polar solvent move slower.

(b) TLC plate - Most TLC plates are made up of silica or alumina, the interaction of chemical with silica or alumina will be different hence affects the Rf value.

(c) Temperature - Temperature changes the solubility of particular chemical in a solvent which also affects the Rf value.

2. Factors affecting the separation on the column in column chromatography

(a) Stationary phase - Depending on silica or alumina, the interaction of the chemical will be different and afects the separation. Similarly the particle size of the Stationary phase change the available surface are hence, particle size of stationary phase also influence the separation.

(b) Solvents - Similar to TLC solubility of a chemical in a particular solvent, polarity of the solvent etc influence the separation.

(c) Column length - The longer the column the better the separation.

(d) Solvent flow rate - the slower the flow rate better the separation.

(e) Temperature.

3. Factors affect the resolution of the substances and their retention times in gas chromatography

(a) Column length - Longer column gives longer retention time , which provide better separation, but peak width get broader.

(b) Gas flow rate - Faster carrier gas flow, reduces the retention time and hence poor separation.

(c) Temperature - Larger temperature means shorter retention time and poor separation.

(d) Properties of the component - Chemical and physical properties of the component such as boiling point, polarity etc. affect the retention time in the column.


Related Solutions

How would the following factors affect Rf values in the separation of compounds by Thin-layer chromotrography?...
How would the following factors affect Rf values in the separation of compounds by Thin-layer chromotrography? a) Use of filter paper in the solvent chamber while developing a plate. b) The solvent chamber has been shifted a few times while the plate is being developed. c) Failed to cover the TLC chamber with a lid/watch glass while running the TLC plate. d) A student is trying to determind a best solvent systme that would be seperate a three component mixture....
How is thin layer chromatography technique of separation similar to a paper chromatographic separation?
How is thin layer chromatography technique of separation similar to a paper chromatographic separation?
Why do non-polar solvents in thin layer chromatography cause lower Rf values? In this case, hexane...
Why do non-polar solvents in thin layer chromatography cause lower Rf values? In this case, hexane was used as a solvent and benzhydrol and benzophenone were added to the TCL plate. The solvent (hexane) traveled far because I'm assuming due to capillary action, but the solutes did not travel far at all. Why?
Questions regarding Thin Layer Chromatography Analysis (TLC): 1. What is the purpose of the wick? 2....
Questions regarding Thin Layer Chromatography Analysis (TLC): 1. What is the purpose of the wick? 2. Why is it important to use diluted solutions? 3. Why is it important to spot the TLC plate quickly and lightly? 4.What solvent will use to develop your TLC plates? ethyl acetate, hexanes, or some mixture of the two? Why? 5. List at least 3 common errors when performing TLC and how to fix them.
Thin Layer Chromatography utilizes a glass or metal plate coated with a thin layer of absorbent...
Thin Layer Chromatography utilizes a glass or metal plate coated with a thin layer of absorbent material such as silica gel. The sample is prepared similiarto paper chromatography and a solvent is used to elute the sample. 1. Which is the stationary phase? Plate   Silica Gel    Solvent 2. Which is the mobile phase? Plate   Silica Gel    Solvent 3. Which component is inert? Plate   Silica Gel    Solvent
1. What is Rf value? List three factors that affect the Rf value.
1. What is Rf value? List three factors that affect the Rf value.
Give two advantages of thin layer chromatography over paper chromatography.
Give two advantages of thin layer chromatography over paper chromatography.
Explain and compare thin layer chromatography with column chromatography (in-detailed answer)
Explain and compare thin layer chromatography with column chromatography (in-detailed answer)
When would the application of thin-layer chromatography, adsorption column chromatography, and gas chromatography be appropriate to...
When would the application of thin-layer chromatography, adsorption column chromatography, and gas chromatography be appropriate to use?
Compare and contrast Column (solid-liquid) chromatography, Paper Chromatography, and thin layer chromatography in respect to the...
Compare and contrast Column (solid-liquid) chromatography, Paper Chromatography, and thin layer chromatography in respect to the size of the sample that can be separated, the ease of use, and the versatility of the method.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT