Question

Order in choice. Does the order in which wine is presented make a
difference? Several choices of wine are presented one at a time and in sequence,
and the subject is then asked to choose the preferred wine at the end of the
sequence. In this study, subjects were asked to taste two wine samples in
sequence. Both samples given to a subject were the same wine, although subjects
were expecting to taste two different samples of a particular variety. Of the 32
subjects in the study, 22 selected the wine presented first, when presented with
two identical wine samples.
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(a) Do the data give good reason to conclude that the subjects are not equally
likely to choose either of the two positions when presented with two
identical wine samples in sequence?
(b) The subjects were recruited in Ontario, Canada, via advertisements to
participate in a study of “attitudes and values toward wine.” Can we
generalize our conclusions to all wine tasters? Explain

Answer 1

(a) Do the data give good reason to conclude that the subjects are not equally
likely to choose either of the two positions when presented with two
identical wine samples in sequence?

Yes, because people are showing primary effect in the experiment which makes them drawn towards the first wine. Based on the experiment more than 50% people chose first wine.
(b) The subjects were recruited in Ontario, Canada, via advertisements to
participate in a study of “attitudes and values toward wine.” Can we
generalize our conclusions to all wine tasters? Explain

Our conclusion can not be generalized to all the wine tasters. The experiment had a very small sample of on 32 wine tasters which mostly showed the primary effect. But when a large number of samples is considered and the experiment is repeated a number of times people tend to show a recency effect in the long run. Recency effect is where people prefer what they had last (recently) rather than what they had first (primarily).