In: Anatomy and Physiology
In the space provided below, please tell me what an enzyme is; what it does and how; what it acts on and how; and how it can be influenced and regulated. Not interested in drawings or bullet points or outlines, not what you can copy from a book or the internet.
Enzymes are biological molecules that are produced by the plant or animal or a body itself that use to enhance the activity of the chemical reaction happening in the body.
Mainly enzymes are like catalyser they use to make the speed fast of the reaction and without which the reaction goes very slow.
Like in digestion system they use to break a large molecule into a smaller one for.the body so that they can be digested easily.
"Enzyme speed up the chemical reaction in the body with the help of it active site binding to the substrate in order to form a product.
They use to modify their active site according to the substrate and forms a complex with them called enzyme substrate complex and then they use to provide the specific required product.
One the product is attached they detaches from.the substrate and gets ready for another one.
They use to make the activity faster by binding to substrate.
Enzymes acts on the substrate that can be any molecule for example a carbohydrate on which they will act and break them into small pieces of sugar and glucose.
Enzymes activity are influenced by :-
These ezymes are very specific for the temperature and ph...
When temperature gets low of what they needs the process goes on but with a very slow rate and they can't work properly.
They are more specific for the PH , when they didn't gets the PH what they need they can't work at all because the protein in the active site use to denature and they looses there shape and can't bind to the substrate and can't work.
They are also influenced by the substrate concentration accordingly that how much is required and what is available similarily with the enzyme.
Inhibitors use to inhibit the enzyme activity by binding to its active site and dont let the subsrate bind to them and so they also influence the activity of the enzyme and this is just of the type called competitive inhibitors.
Enzymes are regulated by the inhibitors and promoter that inhibit or promote the activity of the enzymes.
Promoters are the substance that use to promote the activity of the enzyme by improving its binding with the substrate , promoter use to bind on allosteric site and they promots the action.
Inhibitors are like of three types they are competitive , non- competitive and excess substrate.
When there is inhibitor that has same shape that of substrate it act as a competitive and binds to the active site of the enzymes and slows the reaction process but as enzymes follows a lock and key rule , that inhibitor doesn't able to open the lock and then enzyme rejects it and gets normal but it effects the activity and process is slowed down.
While non competitive inhibitor are those whom binds on the ezyme allosteric site and changes the shape of the active site and inhibits its binding with the substrate and reactions is regulated negatively.
While excess substrate also slows the reaction as enzymes can't bind to.them properly.
So by these the enzymes are influenced and regulated.
I HOPE THIS MATCHES YOUR REQUIREMENT
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