Question

In another case –control study researchers investigated cleft lip with or without cleft palate by smoking status in those participants who reported consuming folic acid supplements. In this sub-group there were 42 cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 55 controls who were current smokers; and there were 72 cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 190 controls who were non-smokers.”

(a) “Construct a 2x2 table with columns and rows headings and calculate an appropriate measure of the strength of association between smoking and cleft lip with or without cleft palate in those who consumed folic acid supplements during pregnancy.” [4 marks]

b) “Interpret the findings in (a) in your own words.” [2 marks]

c) “What proportion of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the population is potentially preventable, assuming a causal association between smoking and cleft lip.”[4 marks] explain in words your findings

Answer 1