Question

Describe Crohns disease in the terms of the adaptive immune response that mediates it and what effect the autoimmune disease can have on the host.

Answer 1

Autoimmune disorders are characterised by impaired adaptive immune system resulting in antibody production against the body cells. This results in activation of immune response against self cells causing destruction qnd damage of tissues and organs. In autoimmune disorders the immune system loses its ability to differentiate between self and non self.
Crohns disease is the chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract resulting in abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleed, anemia, fever, nausea, vomitting, weight loss.
Crohns disease results from the activation of Tlymphocytes in the gastrointestinal tract due to defective regulation of the adaptive immune system. This results in tissue injury caused by release of cytokine, interleukins and TNF.
The neutrophils gets infiltrated in the superficial mucosa causes ulceration. This is followed by invagination and damage of the deep layers of mucosa and granuloma formation.
Crohns disease is characterised by abnormal epithelial barrier integrity of the gastrointestinal tract, impaired recognition of innate pattern receptors, and lymphocyte differentiation.