Question

description, function & location

Epithelial Tissues: Simple squamous Simple cuboidal Simple columnar Stratified squamous Pseudostratified ciliated columnar (PCCE) Transitional

Connective Tissues: Mesenchyme Areolar Reticular Adipose Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic Hyaline cartilage Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage Bone

Answer 1

Cell type	description	function	location
Simple squamous	These epithelium is permeable .the epithelial cells are spindle-shaped, their outlines cannot be seen distinctly. However, their shape may be ascertained by the dark fl attened nuclei and scanty cytoplasm.	Active transport	Endothelium Mesothelium Lung alveolus Parital layer of bowmens capsule
Simple cuboidal	the cuboidal shape of the cells can be ascer-tained by the round nuclei of the cells seen as a ring of nuclei around the lumen of the tubule.	Secretion	Thyroid follicle ovary germililine layer Kidney tubules
Simple columnar	The large supra nuclear part of the cyto- plasm of columnar cells is eosinophilic and distinct.	Absorption Secretion	Stomach Intestine Gall bladder
Stratified squamous	The shape and disposition of nuclei in these layers – oval in the basal layer – round in the intermediate layers– fl at in the superfi cial layer – these indi-cate the types of cells constituting the epithelium, i.e. basal layer is columnar, intermediate layer is polyhedral, and the superfi cial layer is squamous	Protection	it is two types keratinized (Epidermis) or non keratinized( Esophagus,mouth,anal canal and vagina)
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar	In this epithelium, though the nuclei are situated at various levels, the cells are not really stratifi ed.	Transport Protection Secretion	Nasal cavity Trachea Bronchi
Transitional	Plasma membrane of the superfi cial cells are thickened on the luminal aspect to form cuticle, which is responsible for the osmotic barrier between urine and tissue fluid.	Protection	urinary bladder Ureter.

Loose areolar connective tissue:-Presence of

few loosely arranged collagen and elastic fibres;

large number of connective tissue cells (fi broblasts, fibrocytes, mast cells, etc.);

large amount of ground substance.

Reticular fibres:-Are very thin immature collagen firbres, found to be continuous with collagen fi bres (appear first in wound healing).

Are structurally similar to collagen fibres.

Form supportive framework of lymphoid organs and glands

Are composed of collagen type III.

ADIPOSE TISSUE:-empty space in each fat cell giving a honeycomb appearance (empty space is due to dissolution of lipid droplet);

thin rim of cytoplasm and eccentrically placed nuclei; lobules separated.

Dense regular:-bundles of parallel collagen fibres.

rows of tendon cells (fibrocytes) between the fibre bundles.

less amount of ground substance.

Dense irregular:-( of Skin). Presence of (i) irregular bundles of collagen fibres cut at different planes.

(ii) less cells and ground substance.

Hyaline Cartilage:- (i) Perichondrium Matrix (Basophilic) (ii) homogeneous basophilic matrix isogenous groups (cell nests) of chondrocytes; (iii) perichondrium covering the cartilage.

Fibro elastic cartilage:-

(i) Chondrocytes dense bundles of collagen fibres.

(ii.)chain of chondrocytes (of similar size) between the collagen bundles;

(iii) absence of perichondrium.

Bone:- Unlike ordinary connective tissue, bone is rigid and hard because the matrix is infiltrated with inorganic salts. Bone gives attachment to muscles and serves as a lever for muscular action. It bears body weight.

It protects vital organs like brain, heart and lungs. Bone stores calcium, phosphate and other ions. It contains bone marrow, which is a haemopoietic tissue.

TYPES OF BONE :-

Morphologically, bone consists of:

1. Externally, a solid shell of cortical bone called compact bone (found in shell of short bones, shaft of long bones and tables of flat bones).

2. Internally, a framework of trabeculae separated by marrow spaces called spongy or cancellous bone.