Question

Briefly describe how innate and adaptive immunity differ. Be specific with regards to the types cells involved in each, time of activation, duration of cellular response how it is similar or different between individuals.

Answer 1

Adaptive immunity.

• Adaptive immunity refers to an acquired immunity , mediated by T cells , and B cells and characterized by an immunological memory.
• It is also known as acquired immunity.
• Generates a specific immune response.
• Humoral and cell mediated immunity are the components.
• Activated in response to exposure to an external factor.
• Response occur with 5-6 days(delayed).
• Lymph nodes , spleen and lymphoid tissues are the barriers.
• It Develop memory cells.
• It Exhibit higher potency.
• It also develop allergic reactions. immediate and delayed hypersensitivity
• Developed during the course of life.
• Example:- vaccintion against a virus.

Innate immunity

• Innate immunity refers to a naturally occuring immunity by the genetic constituents and the physiology of person.
• It is also known as natural immunity.
• It generates non specific immune response.
• plasma proteins, phagocytes , physical and chemical barriers are the components.
• generates a rapid response.
• It is always present in the body.
• Temperature , pH, skin , and mucous membranes are the barriers.
• Doesnot develop memory cells.
• Less potent
• It doesnot produce allergic reaction.
• It is present at the time of birth.
• Example:- redness and swelling caused by the white blood cells around a wound.