In: Chemistry
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn, ΔS∘rxn, and T below, determine ΔSuniv.
Predict whether or not each reaction will be spontaneous.
ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn= 261 J/K , T= 294 K
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ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K) |
ΔH∘rxn= 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 294 K .
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ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K) ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 294 K .
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ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 565 K .
ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K)
ANSWER : (S)universe =
(
S)system +
(
S)surrounding
[From thermodynamics]
(S)system =
+261KJ/mol ; (
S)surrounding =
[(-
H)system] / T
&
Hsystem =
-118KJ/mol
T = temperature = 294 K
==>
(S)universe = 261
+ - (-118) /294 = 261 + 118/294
= 261 + 0.401 =261.401 KJ/mol
(S)universe =
261.401 KJ/mol { in this case reaction is not spontaneous as
entopychange is positive}