Question

In: Chemistry

Given the values of ?H?rxn, ?S?rxn, and Tbelow, determine ?Suniv. Also, predict whether each reaction will...

Given the values of ?H?rxn, ?S?rxn, and Tbelow, determine ?Suniv. Also, predict whether each reaction will be spontaneous or nonspontaneous

A)?H?rxn= 86kJ , ?Srxn= 142J/K , T= 308K

Express your answer using two significant figures.

B)?H?rxn= 86kJ , ?Srxn= 142J/K , T= 762K

Express your answer using one significant figure.

C)?H?rxn= 86kJ , ?Srxn=? 142J/K , T= 308K

Express your answer using one significant figure.

D)?H?rxn=? 86kJ , ?Srxn= 142J/K , T= 404K

Express your answer using one significant figure.

Solutions

Expert Solution

A.Given DeltaH(rxn) = 86KJ, DeltaS(rxn) = 142J/K = 142Jx(1kJ/1000J)/K = 0.142kJ/K

T = 308K.

Now DeltaG(rxn) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) =  DeltaH(rxn) - TxDeltaS(rxn) = 86KJ - 308Kx(0.142kJ/K) = +42.26 KJ

For a reaction to be spontaneous, DeltaG(rxn) should be negative. Since DeltaG(rxn) for the above reaction is positive, hence the reaction is nonspontaneous.

Now DeltaS(universe) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) = - TxDeltaS(universe)

=> DeltaS(universe) = - DeltaG(rxn) / T = - (+42.26 KJ) / 308K = - 0.137kJ/K = -140J/K (upto 2 SF, answer)

B: Given DeltaH(rxn) = 86KJ, DeltaS(rxn) = 142J/K = 142Jx(1kJ/1000J)/K = 0.142kJ/K

T = 762K.

Now DeltaG(rxn) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) =  DeltaH(rxn) - TxDeltaS(rxn) = 86KJ - 762Kx(0.142kJ/K) = - 22.2 KJ

For a reaction to be spontaneous, DeltaG(rxn) should be negative. Since DeltaG(rxn) for the above reaction is negative, hence the reaction is spontaneous.

Now DeltaS(universe) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) = - TxDeltaS(universe)

=> DeltaS(universe) = - DeltaG(rxn) / T = - ( - 22.2 KJ) / 762K = + 0.029kJ/K = +30J/K (upto 1 SF, answer)

C. This is same as A, and the only difference is that here we need to find the answer in 1 SF.

Given DeltaH(rxn) = 86KJ, DeltaS(rxn) = 142J/K = 142Jx(1kJ/1000J)/K = 0.142kJ/K

T = 308K.

Now DeltaG(rxn) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) =  DeltaH(rxn) - TxDeltaS(rxn) = 86KJ - 308Kx(0.142kJ/K) = +42.26 KJ

For a reaction to be spontaneous, DeltaG(rxn) should be negative. Since DeltaG(rxn) for the above reaction is positive, hence the reaction is nonspontaneous.

Now DeltaS(universe) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) = - TxDeltaS(universe)

=> DeltaS(universe) = - DeltaG(rxn) / T = - (+42.26 KJ) / 308K = - 0.137kJ/K = -100J/K (upto 1 SF, answer)

D.Given DeltaH(rxn) = 86KJ, DeltaS(rxn) = 142J/K = 142Jx(1kJ/1000J)/K = 0.142kJ/K

T = 404K.

Now DeltaG(rxn) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) =  DeltaH(rxn) - TxDeltaS(rxn) = 86KJ - 404Kx(0.142kJ/K) = +28.63 KJ

For a reaction to be spontaneous, DeltaG(rxn) should be negative. Since DeltaG(rxn) for the above reaction is positive, hence the reaction is nonspontaneous.

Now DeltaS(universe) can be calculated as

DeltaG(rxn) = - TxDeltaS(universe)

=> DeltaS(universe) = - DeltaG(rxn) / T = - (+28.63 KJ) / 404K = - 0.070kJ/K = -70J/K (upto 1 SF, answer)

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 months ago
Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Given the values of ΔH∘rxn, ΔS∘rxn, and T below, determine ΔSuniv. Predict whether or not each...
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn, ΔS∘rxn, and T below, determine ΔSuniv. Predict whether or not each reaction will be spontaneous. ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn= 261 J/K , T= 294 K ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K) ΔH∘rxn= 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 294 K . ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K) ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 294 K . ΔSuniv = ??? (J/K) ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 261 J/K , T= 565 K . ΔSuniv...
Given the values of Δ H ∘ rxn , Δ S ∘ rxn , and T...
Given the values of Δ H ∘ rxn , Δ S ∘ rxn , and T below, determine Δ S univ(J/K) (for each part ) . A)ΔH∘rxn= 121 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 248 J/K , T= 297 K , B)ΔH∘rxn=− 121 kJ , ΔS∘rxn= 248 J/K , T= 297 K C)ΔH∘rxn=− 121 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 248 J/K , T= 297K. D)ΔH∘rxn=− 121 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 248 J/K , T= 546 K
For each reaction, calculate Δ H ∘ rxn , Δ S ∘ rxn , and Δ...
For each reaction, calculate Δ H ∘ rxn , Δ S ∘ rxn , and Δ G rxn at 29 ∘ C . A) N2O4(g)→2NO2(g) B) NH4Cl(s)→HCl(g)+NH3(g) C) 3H2(g)+Fe2O3(s)→2Fe(s)+3H2O(g) D) N2(g)+3H2(g)→2NH3(g)
[2] Calculate ∆H°rxn and ∆S°rxn for the following reaction and decide in which direction each of...
[2] Calculate ∆H°rxn and ∆S°rxn for the following reaction and decide in which direction each of these factors will drive the reaction. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g)
predict whether a reaction with triangle H and a triangle S will be spontaneous , nonspontaneous...
predict whether a reaction with triangle H and a triangle S will be spontaneous , nonspontaneous or temperature dependant. Explain your answer
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn , ΔS∘rxn , and T below, determine ΔSuniv . a) ΔH∘rxn=...
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn , ΔS∘rxn , and T below, determine ΔSuniv . a) ΔH∘rxn= 87 kJ , ΔSrxn= 146 J/K , T= 296 K Will this be spontaneous or not spontaneous? b) ΔH∘rxn= 87 kJ , ΔSrxn= 146 J/K , T= 762 K   Will this be spontaeous or not spontaneous? c) ΔH∘rxn= 87 kJ , ΔSrxn=− 146 J/K , T= 296 K   will this be spontaneous or not spontaneous? d) ΔH∘rxn=− 87 kJ , ΔSrxn= 146 J/K ,...
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn, ΔS∘rxn, and Tbelow, determine ΔSuniv. A. ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=...
Given the values of ΔH∘rxn, ΔS∘rxn, and Tbelow, determine ΔSuniv. A. ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn= 258 J/K , T= 294 K B. ΔH∘rxn= 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 258 J/K , T= 294 K C. ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 258 J/K , T= 294 K . D. ΔH∘rxn=− 118 kJ , ΔS∘rxn=− 258 J/K , T= 545 K . Predict whether or not the reaction in part A will be spontaneous. Predict whether or not the reaction in part...
the following stepwise reactions and associated ∆H° values Write the overall reaction. Determine the ∆H° for...
the following stepwise reactions and associated ∆H° values Write the overall reaction. Determine the ∆H° for the reaction you wrote. The reaction is _________. Calculate ∆H° for the reaction: 3XY + 3YZ →   3XZ +   6Y Step 1:   X2 + 2Y   →    2XY H° = -125.20 kJ Step 2:    XY +   Z2 →     XZ + YZ H° = 18.50 kJ Step 3:    2XZ   →    X2 +   Z2 H° = 80.52 kJ
Determine the electron configuration and whether each of the following is paramagnetic. Also, determine if the...
Determine the electron configuration and whether each of the following is paramagnetic. Also, determine if the complex undergoes a Jahn-Teller distortion. 1. [Fe(CN)6]4- 2. [Fe(CN)6]3- 3. [Co(H2O)6]3+ 4. [CoF6]3- 5. [Ni(CO)6]2+
For which of the following reactions is ?H?rxn equal to ?H?f of the product(s)? You do...
For which of the following reactions is ?H?rxn equal to ?H?f of the product(s)? You do not need to look up any values to answer this question. Check all that apply. SO(g)+12O2(g)?SO2(g) 2Na(s)+F2(g)?2NaF(s) Na(s)+12F2(g)?NaF(s) S(s)+O2(g)?SO2(g) Na(s)+12F2(l)?NaF(s) SO3(g)?12O2(g)+SO2(g)
ADVERTISEMENT
Subjects
ADVERTISEMENT
Latest Questions
ADVERTISEMENT