Question

a. Choose a topic (health related topics like nutrition safety, or diseases, etc.)

b. Make a sample health education presentation POSTER include its definition, importance, signs/symptoms, managements, health education, etc.

Answer 1

a ) HYPERTENSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

b ) DEFINITION

High blood pressure or hypertension is defined as a condition in which the force of blood against the artery wall is too high. Hypertension is defined as blood pressure above 140 / 90 mmHg. Blood pressure is determined by both the amount of blood pumped by the heart and the amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. High blood pressure often has no symptoms. Over time, if untreated , it can cause serious health conditions such as heart disease and stroke

IMPORTANCE

It is reported to be the fourth contributor of premature mortality in develeoped and seventh in developing countries. In india overall prevalance of 29.8 % . Hypertension increases the risk for heart disease and stroke so it is important to control and prevent hypertension

CAUSES

The most common cause of hypertension include smoking , obesity , diabetes, having a sedentary lifestyle , lack of physical activity, high salt intake ,alcoholism , insufficient intake of calcuim , pottasium ,magnesium , a deficiency in vitamin D ,stress ,aging ,chronic kidney disease and so on.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

The symptoms of severe hypertension include severe headache, nosebleed,fatigue or confusion, vision problem,chest pain, breathing difficulty, irregular heart beat , and blood in urine.

TYPES

Hypertension is classified into various categories : normal , prehypertension ( mild) , stage 1 ( moderate) ,stage 2 ( severe)

MANAGEMENTS

1) PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY

Various group of drugs are used for treating hypetension , collectively these drugs are called anti hypertensive drugs.which include :

Diuretics eg : chlorothiazide , furosemide

Beta blockers eg : atenolol ,propanolol

Alpha blokers eg : prazosin

Vasodilators eg : nitroglycerin , sodium nitro prusside

ACE inhibitors eg : captopril , ramipril

Calcuim channel blokers eg : amlodipine

Alternative therapy which are helpful to regulate blood pressure includes acupuncture , relaxation techniques and divesional therapy.

Eating a healthier diet with less salt ,regular exercise and taking regular medication can lower the blood pressure.

2) LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION

* eat a heart healthy diet with less salt intake

* maintain a healthy weight

* increase the physical activity

* limit alcohol

* quit smoking

* manage stress

* monitor blood pressure at home

* practice yoga, or slow, deep breathing

* take regular medications

HEALTH EDUCATION

1)DASH DIET

Educate to follow DASH ( dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet. The diet is simple,eat more fruits, vegetables and low fat diary products.cut back on foods that are high in saturated fats, cholestrol and trans fat. Eat more whole grain foods, fish,poultry and nuts. Limit sodium, sweet,sugary drinks, and red meats.

DASH diet suggests:

Grains : 7- 8 servings daily

Vegetables : 4- 5 daily servings

Fruits: 4 - 5 daily servings

Low fat or fat free diary products : 2-3 daily servings

Meat, poultry,and fish : 2 or less daily servings

Nuts, seed and dry beans: 4- 5 servings per week

Fat and oils: 2- 3 servings daily

Sweet : less than 5 servings per week.

2) take medicines properly

If side effect or cost pose problem, dont stop taking the medication ,ask the docter about various other alternatives.

3) adopt healthy habits and manage stress.

4) weight reduction

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