What hormones are responsible for the growth spurt during puberty? What cells do these hormones target...

What hormones are responsible for the growth spurt during puberty? What cells do these hormones target and what is the action of these cells? Be clear and specific.

Explain why there is a risk of stunted growth to a teenage male by taking anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroids mimic the effects of testosterone a sex hormone. Be clear and specific in the effect on bone growth.

A post-menopausal woman will have a significant decrease in estrogen levels. Explain why this will lead to bone resorption that is faster than bone deposition. What is the term for this occurrence?

Expert Solution

Puberty is the period where mostly sexual development occur. In males hormones such as testosterone, GH are responsible for growth spurt. In case of girls estradiol, GH and androstenedione are the hormone responsible for puberty growth.

Androstenedione is the hormone which enhance the production of testosterone which help in muscle building, increase sexual desire and groeth of sex organs. Growth hormone is produced by anterior pitutary and which targeted on all tissues.Growth hormone enhances growth and metabolism.

Estradiol is act on mainly genital organs such as uterus, ovary, breast and also in brain and bone marrow. It bind to the estrogen recptors in cytoplasm of cells and modulate protein metabolism.

Anabolic steroids also known as anabolic androgen steriods which are natural steroids such as androgen and testosterone and synthetic which had the same effect of testosterone in the body. Anabolic steroids enhances the body muscle mass and strength. Abnormal use of anabolic steroid lead to breast development and increases the chances of testicular cancer in males. In some cases anabolic steroids are used as anti osteoporosis drug which enhances the bone density.

After menopause ovaries no longer produce the estrogen and a sudden decrease in the estrogen level may lead to osteoporosis in women.

Post menopausal osteoporosis is the condition by which remoulding of bone occur due to the decreased estrogen production after menopause

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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