Question

1. What is religion?

2. What is the differences between church, sect, and cult?

3. What is the difference between the structural-functionalist and the social-conflict theoretical perspective on religion?

4. What is "religiosity" and why does it matter?

Answer 1

1. Religion is a cultural arrangement of assigned practices and practices, ethics, perspectives, writings, blessed spots, predictions, morals, or associations, that relates humankind to powerful, supernatural, or otherworldly components. In any case, there is no academic agreement over what accurately establishes a religion.
2. Church
•They guarantee an imposing business model over reality: that is, they guarantee that their position is valid and that the perspectives on religious gatherings are false.
•They are firmly associated with the state. Numerous nations have an "official religion" or state religion, (for example, the Anglican church in the UK, where the Queen is both head of state and leader of the church and diocesans sit in the House of Lords). Confusingly, in light of the fact that we partner these terms explicitly with Christianity, sociologically, in nations like Saudi Arabia or Iran, Islam unmistakably fits numerous parts of the typology of a church.
•They have a created, progressive bureaucratic structure. There will be clear lines of position in the ministry (who are paid a pay) and hold various principles and guidelines. In spite of the principles and guidelines, churches will in general make moderately few requests on their individuals. Thusly dynamic enrollment can commonly fit around a typical, working life, making it available to individuals from a scope of social foundations.
•Churches are mainstream, conservativeorganisations that look to safeguard existing conditions. They look to be open and widespread however are appealing to those on high earnings (the decision class) who have an enthusiasm for saving society for what it's worth and opposing social change.
•People are regularly naturally introduced to a church, as opposed to picking it. In reality, they are probably going to be incorporated into the church before they are mature enough to comprehend its lessons. They are not commonly expected to demonstrate their confidence or duty.
•A clear case of a church, for Troeltsch, would be the Roman Catholic Church.
Sects -
- Troeltsch described sects as organisa
Troeltsch said of sects:
•They guarantee a monopoly over the truth and are frequently antagonistic to different religious associations
•They don't have an unpredictable, bureaucratic chain of importance, rather more often than not being driven by a charismatic pioneer.
•They are little
•They request complete responsibility from individuals, and in this manner are not available without critical forfeits with respect to individuals
•They are normally antagonistic to the state and to standard society (what Wallis called world-dismissing)
•Often made up of underestimated, denied gatherings, for example, those on low salaries or from minimized minority-ethnic gatherings.
•Sects may incorporate fanatic associations like Jim Jones' the People's Temple or David Koresh's Branch Davidians.
- Cult -
•A cult is sect with volume turned up.
•They for the most part have a charming pioneer , that requests extraordinary acquiescence.
•They have power over pretty much every part of an individual's life , including where they live , where they work , how much time they dedicate to cult and what they do with their relaxation time .
3. Structural-functional theory - This theory depends on the possibility that society is a huge framework that is reliant on its individual parts cooperating.
Social conflict theory - This theory suggests that society depends on little gatherings that have conflicts that help society to develop or change.
4.Religiosity is difficult to characterize, yet various researchers have considered this to be as comprehensively about religious directions and inclusion. It incorporates experiential, formal, ideological, scholarly, considerable, creedal, common, doctrinal, moral, and cultural dimensions.Sociologists of religion have seen that the general population's convictions, feeling of having a place, and conduct frequently are not consistent with a person's genuine religious convictions since there is much assorted variety by they way one can be religious or not. Multiple issues exist in estimating religiosity. For example, factors, for example, church participation produce various outcomes when various strategies are utilized, for example, customary reviews versus time use overviews.