Diaphram - It is the muscle of floor of the thorax, it is the
main muscle of inspiration. Contration of diaphram creates negative
intrathoracic pressure and hence sucks air inside the lungs.
Internal intercostal - these are located inbetween the ribs, 11
pairs on either side of the chest wall. They depress the ribs and
hence help in forceful expiration
External intercostal - these are also located between ribs.
They elevate the ribs and expand the chest. They are responsible
for quite and forceful inspiration.
Innermost Intercostal - they are the deepest muscle of
intercostal space. It is muscle of forceful expiration.
Sucalvius - Small triangular muscle between clavicle and 1st
rib. It is present in the anterior chest wall.
Serratus anterior
Serratus Posterior superior - thin quadrilateral muscle in the
posterior and Superior part of the thoracic wall.
Serratus Posterior Inferior - It is located in mid to lower
part of Posterior wall of thorax. It is present in V shape
manner
Pectoralis major - It is fan shaped muscle in the chest wall
situated below the brest. It forms the main bulk of chest
wall.
Pectoralis minor - It is thin triangular shaped muscle in the
upper part of the chest wall, beneth the pectoralis major.
Levator scapulae - present in the posterior part of thorax.
Elevates the scapula.
Rhomboidius - connect the scalula to thr vertebrae.
Respiratory System
Health Assessment: Lungs and
Thorax
Anatomical landmarks for assessing the lungs and thorax
Physical assessment techniques for assessing the lungs and
thorax
Normal and Abnormal Findings: Inspection, Palpation,
Percussion, Auscultation
Respiratory Patterns: Normal and Abnormal findings and clinical
significance
Breath Sounds: Normal and Abnormal findings and clinical
significance
Voice Sounds: Normal and Abnormal findings and clinical
significance
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
Superficial Neck Muscles:
• Sternocleidomastoid
QUESTION:
1. Explain how during unilateral activation, the SCM can
contralaterally rotate the neck
Deep Neck Muscles:
• Scalenes
QUESTION:
2. Would the scalene muscles assist with forced or passive
respiration?
MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK
Axioappendicular Muscles:
Trapezius
Rhomboid Major
Pectoralis Minor
Latissimus Dorsi
• Rhomboid Minor
• Subclavius
•Levator Scapulae
-Pectoralis Major
-Serratus Anterior
QUESTIONS
3. Which muscles are deep and which ones are
superficial?
4. Why do pectoralis major...
(12 pts.) A study examined the effectiveness of Botox injections
in the corrugator supercilii muscles for the treatment of chronic
migraines. Of the 26 migraine-prone patients participating in the
study, 14 reported complete migraine elimination.
(a) Determine a plus four 99% confidence interval for the
population proportion of migraine patients with complete migraine
remission following such Botox injections.
(b) How large a sample n would you need to estimate p with
margin of error 0.03 with 99% confidence? Use pˆ...
2. During an assessment of the lungs and thorax of an adult
client with no history of lung diseases, a nurse should consider
which of the fallowing-----: A. muffles voice sounds and symmetric
tactile fremitus B. adventitious and limited chest expansions C.
increased tactile fremitus and dull percussion tones D. absent
voice sounds and hyper resonant percussion tones
23. When preforming a respiratory assessment on an adult client,
a nurse auscultates moist, popping sounds during the inspiratory
phase of------- adventitious...
list the functionally homologous muscles in the front
and hind limbs - that is, which muscles perform the same function.
Include a description of an action that would require flexion of
both elbow and knee. What is one muscle responsible for each of
these movements, and how does it do it? Describe an action that
would require extension of both elbow and knee. What is one muscle
responsible for each of these movements, and how does it do
it?
1)
If you are searching for the muscles of the perineum, which
statement about these muscles will help you CORRECTLY identify
them?
A.
They include the deep transverse perineal and external urethral
sphincter.
B.
They overlie (are superficial to) the erectile
tissues.
C.
They are within the anal triangle.
D.
They are innervated by the S3-5 spinal nerves.
E.
They include the levator ani and coccygeous.
2)
When the blood becomes acidic (acidosis) and bicarbonate ions
have been depleted, new...