Question

list the functionally homologous muscles in the front and hind limbs - that is, which muscles perform the same function. Include a description of an action that would require flexion of both elbow and knee. What is one muscle responsible for each of these movements, and how does it do it? Describe an action that would require extension of both elbow and knee. What is one muscle responsible for each of these movements, and how does it do it?

Answer 1

List the functionally homologous muscles in the front and hind limbs - that is, which muscles perform the same function.

Homologous muscles are those have similar function to perform. Forelimbs are those in the front part of an animal's body, that would be arms in humans. Hind limbs are those found in the back of the body, as like legs in humans.

Triceps and quadriceps femoris are homologous. They perform to extend the fore and hind limb respectivley.

Brachialis and Biceps femoris are homologous in performing flexion.

Supraspinatus and Gluteus medius are homologoud abductors.

Include a description of an action that would require flexion of both elbow and knee. What is one muscle responsible for each of these movements, and how does it do it?

Flexion is the measurable degree of elbow/knee is bent. Elbow joint is a hinge type synovial joint that permits both flexion and extension. The prime muscles movers are pectoralis major along with brachialis biceps brachii, brachioradialis.Flexion of knee is performed by Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus.

Describe an action that would require extension of both elbow and knee. What is one muscle responsible for each of these movements, and how does it do it?

Extension is the motion of the sagittal plane. It involves anterior–posterior plane. One muscle responsible for elbow extension is the triceps brachii muscle. Also assisted by smaller anconeus muscle. The prime mover of knee extension is quadriceps which includes vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris.