Question

Part I:

A) Use the terms bioreactor, fermenter, aerobic and anaerobic in one sentence.

B) Of the following, which can grow in either aerobic or anaerobic environments: Mammalian cells, bacteria, yeast

Part II

A) Describe the components of a fusion protein.

B)    Explain how fusion proteins are purified by affinity chromatography.

Part III

Describe two ways that antibiotics interfere with bacteria growth and survival.

Part IV

Define the term bioprospecting and explain why it is important in the search for antimicrobial drugs.

Answer 1

PART I

A) bioreactor and fermenter is a type of medium help for the growth of microorganism includes both aerobic or anaerobic type.

B)mammalian cell-aerobic bacteria-anaerobic yeast-aerobic

PART II

A)alpha-keto glutamate, L-glutamate, gamma-glutamyl phosphate, glutamate gamma semialdehyde

B)In a plant or animal, a particular protein usually is n"t distributed homogeneously throughout the body. Different organs or tissues have higher or lower concentrations of protein. an analytical purification generally utilises three properties:first purified according to their isoelectric points. second , proteins can be they can be separated by according to their size molecular weight. also, proteins are purified by2D-PAGE and are then analysed by peptide mass finger printing to establishing protein identity.

PART III

A)1.drugs prevent the bacteria from synthesizing a molecule in the cell wall called peptidoglycan.

2.some prevent nutrients from reaching the bacteria

PART IV

It is the process of discovery andant commercialization of new products based on biological resources. Antimicrobial drugs used to treat disease caused by bacteria that may be transmitted to man from non-human sources are considered of higher importance,,it also potential for effective therapy in critically ill patients,.