Question

5. Explain the following terms as they relate to skeletal muscle:

A. aerobic Endurance

B. anaerobic threshold

3. Muscle endurance
4. Muscle Hypertrophy
5. Explain the rationale for training muscles both anaerobically and aerobically by explaining what effects anaerobic and aerobic exercise will have on muscles.

Answer 1

A.    Aerobic Endurance.: The ability of the body to transport oxygen to its various systems continuously for an extended period of time.

B. Anaerobic threshold: Point at which lactic acid begins to accumulate in the body. This is the point at which    the body switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism.

1. Muscle endurance: Ability of a muscle to exert force against resistance repeatedly. This is the ability to sustain    repeated contraction against a resistance

2. Muscle Hypertrophy: Increase in size of the skeletal muscle cells is known as muscle hypertrophy.

3. Explain the rationale for training muscles both anaerobically and aerobically by explaining what effects anaerobic and aerobic exercise will have on muscles.

Both aerobic and anaerobic systems are utilised for training. The aerobic system utilises the aerobic glycolysis and provides energy continuously more than three to four minutes. Anaerobic training utilises the anaerobic metabolic capacity of the muscle fibres and provide energy for a shorter period of time.

During aerobic training, there will be increasing demand for oxygen in the muscles. To meet this demand breathing rate and heart rate must be raised. As a result, muscles get warmed. Aerobic exercise results in an increase of carbon dioxide, which should be diffused into the blood. In order to increase the exchange of gases, the blood vessels and capillaries in and around the muscle get expand resulted in vasodilation. Aerobic exercise use fat as fuel which results in enlarged glycogen stores. This exercise also causes an increase in the circulating level of epinephrine and muscle hypertrophy.

During anaerobic exercise, the body requires immediate energy and depended on stored source. Anerobic excercise strengthen bone and improve muscle function. Increase lactic acid threshold and endurance.