A) Use these five words in one sentence to explain how proteins are made (This is...

A) Use these five words in one sentence to explain how proteins are made (This is also known as the "central dogma" of molecular genetics:)

DNA, mRNA, codon, translation, transcription.

B) When a gene from a bacterium is inserted into a corn plant, we would call this corn plant a _______ organism. Why is this done with some crops?

Expert Solution

Answer [A]: DNA is transcribed into mRNA via the transcription process and then mRNA triplet codons undergo the process called translation to produce amino acid sequence of a protein.

Explanation: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) undergoes the process called transcription to produce mRNA sequence.

- This process takes place in the nucleus as genetic material is present in the nucleus.

- Then this mRNA sequence moves to cytoplasm where it undergoes the process called translation.

- During translation this mRNA sequence gets sorted into triplet codons.

- This triplet codon codes for particular amino acids. Hence a chain of amino acid is formed which in turn produces functional protein.

Answer [B]: transgenic organism.

- Genetic modification in plants provide characteristics like

resistance towards insects, antigens and herbicides
Can enhance the nutritional value of the plant.

Explanation: Transgenic organisms are genetically modified organism in which at least one gene is inserted into its DNA from other species or organisms.

- Transgenic Corn is also called as Bt-Corn as a gene is inserted into this plant from the bacterium species: Bacillus thuringiensis.

- This makes the corn plant resistance to insects.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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