How does the pancreas control glucose levels?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Answer

Pancreas release hormones to control glucose levels.

When blood glucose levels increases above normal (after a meal), the endocrine part of pancreas that is beta cells from islets of Langerhans release a hormone called insulin.
Insulin binds to its receptors on skeletal muscles fiber and liver.
Insulin promotes glycogenesis in muscle and liver. Glycogenesis is conversion of excess glucose into glycogen.
This glycogen is stored as an energy reserve.
As a result, blood glucose levels decreases back to normal.
When blood glucose levels decreases below normal (fasting state), the endocrine part of pancreas that is alpha cells from islets of Langerhans release a hormone called glucagon.
Glucagon binds to its receptors on skeletal muscles fiber and liver.
Glucagon promotes glycogenolysis. It leads to breakdown of glycogen from muscle and liver into glucose.
This glucose is released into bloodstream.
As a result, blood glucose levels increases back to normal.

Sydney Mullin answered 11 months ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Blood glucose levels are under the control of the hormones insulin and glucagon. Describe the control...

Blood glucose levels are under the control of the hormones insulin and glucagon. Describe the control of blood glucose levels in a (normal) individual following a carbohydrate meal.

How does a low blood glucose levels trigger the mobilization of stored fats for b-oxidation.

The patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus may control blood glucose levels with the use of...

The patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus may control blood glucose levels with the use of oral hypoglycemia without needing insulin. how do hypoglycemics work?

39. Which metabolic pathway makes the least contribution to the control of blood glucose levels? Select...

39. Which metabolic pathway makes the least contribution to the control of blood glucose levels? Select one: a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. glycogen pathways d. pentose phosphate pathway e. TCA cycle

Illustrate and explain how an elevation in plasma glucose levels leads to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by...

Illustrate and explain how an elevation in plasma glucose levels leads to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells. Your illustration and explanation should include GLUT2, Glycolysis, TCA Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation, ATP, ATP:ADP, Kir6.2, calcium channel, synaptotagmin, secretory granules, proinsulin, insulin, and C-peptide.

The hypothalamus does not play a role in controlling blood glucose levels. True False

Describe how vertebrates maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Why is the regulation of blood glucose levels so...

Describe how vertebrates maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Why is the regulation of blood glucose levels so important for the success of vertebrates? Compared with squid and shrimp, vertebrates can tolerate longer periods of anaerobic activity. Explain the metabolic adaptations that make this possible.

When the blood glucose concentration is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon to signal the liver to...

When the blood glucose concentration is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon to signal the liver to produce glucose and glucose-1-phosphate. Which metabolic steps are involved in this biosignaling pathway? I. Inactivation of glycogen synthase via phosphorylation by protein kinase A II. Activation of glycogen synthase via phosphorylation by protein kinase A III. Activation of phosphofructokinase-2 via phosphorylation by protein kinase A IV. Activation of fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase via phosphorylation by protein kinase A V. Activation of phosphofructokinase-1 by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate VI. Inhibition of...

What is the difference between how a person with normal glucose levels performs on the OGTT...

What is the difference between how a person with normal glucose levels performs on the OGTT compared to a person with prediabetes or diabetes? Patients with prediabetes are very sensitive to the effects of insulin, so plasma glucose levels remain elevated at two hours. The glucose levels in patients with prediabetes and diabetes continue to rise for an hour after the glucose is consumed and remain elevated at two hours. Patients with diabetes absorb more of the glucose drink from...

Describe two specific roles for the pancreas in digestion and glucose homeostasis. For each role, identify...

Describe two specific roles for the pancreas in digestion and glucose homeostasis. For each role, identify the specific enzymes/hormones secreted by the pancreas. Why are cichlids considered an example of adaptive radiation? How is cichlid diet connected to morphology?

Subjects