How does the pancreas control glucose levels?

Expert Solution

Answer

Pancreas release hormones to control glucose levels.

When blood glucose levels increases above normal (after a meal), the endocrine part of pancreas that is beta cells from islets of Langerhans release a hormone called insulin.
Insulin binds to its receptors on skeletal muscles fiber and liver.
Insulin promotes glycogenesis in muscle and liver. Glycogenesis is conversion of excess glucose into glycogen.
This glycogen is stored as an energy reserve.
As a result, blood glucose levels decreases back to normal.
When blood glucose levels decreases below normal (fasting state), the endocrine part of pancreas that is alpha cells from islets of Langerhans release a hormone called glucagon.
Glucagon binds to its receptors on skeletal muscles fiber and liver.
Glucagon promotes glycogenolysis. It leads to breakdown of glycogen from muscle and liver into glucose.
This glucose is released into bloodstream.
As a result, blood glucose levels increases back to normal.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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