Which structure is INCORRECTLY matched with a function? Which structure is INCORRECTLY matched with a function?...

Which structure is INCORRECTLY matched with a function?

proximal convoluted tubule: reabsorption of water

distal convoluted tubule: secretion of K⁺

nephron loop: reabsorption of urea

glomerulus: filtration of plasma

Expert Solution

Question.

Which structure is incorrectly matched with a function?

Answer: nephron loop : reabsorption of urea.

Explanation : nephron loop ( henle's loop ) is concerned with the reabsorption of water and solutes like sodium, chloride, potassium and calcium. Urea reabsorption does not happen in the henle's loop. Urea is mainly reabsorbed from the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Nephron is the structural and functional unit of kidney. It is divided into two parts- the renal corpuscle and tubular system. Renal corpuscle consists of glomerulus and bowman's capsule. Glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries enclosed in the bowman's capsule. Glomerulus and bowman's capsule forms a filtration barrier which filters out large molecules like albumin and blood cells from the plasma entering the kidneys. The fluid which is formed after filtration of proteins like albumin and blood cells is known as ultrafiltrate.

Renal tubular system consists of proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts. Proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs most of the glucose and amino acid. It also reabsorbs nearly 2/3rd of the water, salt and about half of the urea present in the ultrafiltrate.

Henle's loop is concerned with the reabsorption of water and solutes like sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium. It helps in concentrating the urine formed.

Distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs water and sodium and causes excretion of potassium under the influence of hormone aldosterone. It also reabsorbs and secretes hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions according to the need of the body and helps in regulating the pH of the blood.

Collecting ducts is also concerned with the reabsorption of water and solutes like sodium. Water reabsorption in collecting ducts is under the influence of antidiuretic hormone released from posterior pituitary gland.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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