Question

what is the physiological concept of structure-function relationships and how does the structure enables the function. in your answer give three examples form the two-body system,
Need to answer in Detailed answer

Answer 1

Initially we can look about the cardiovascular system. In it the heart is the core part and we can see the arrangement of Purkinje fibres. The AV bundle begins just below the AV valve and then it moves down to the apex of heart through the interventricular septum and we can see that after the apex Purkinje fibres are formed and move outside the heart towards the top portion of ventricle. So in this case it is done for a certain reason. The Purkinje fibres moves from bottom to top to make the contraction of ventricle start from the bottom to the top. We can see that the aorta and pulmonary artery starts from the top portion of the ventricles. So to eject blood through these vessels the heart should contract from the bottom to top.

Another one is the valves in vein. We can see that for the blood to travel through vein there is no pushing force like pulse in artery. So these valves are present in the veins to avoid the back flow of blood.

In case of the artery they have stretching capacity and the lumen is narrow than vein and have thick walls. This is because artery is receiving high pressure blood from heart and this stretching capacity and the thick walls help them to pass the blood through it.

Now we can look into the nervous system. We can see that the cell body has many projections called the dendrites and it spreads out. This is because it has to collect the message and the transfer should me much faster for that the dendrites have the receptors for the neurotransmitter to bind. So the huge number of the dendrites makes the message collection easier.

We can look into the myelin sheath if axon. This acts as a insulator. By the presence of myelin sheath the conduction through the axon becomes much faster and thus the stimuli and response conduction becomes much faster. If we look to the axon terminals it beaches and has Bild like ends. It's the area where the neurotransmitter is stored and released. This region act as the presynaptic membrane and the vessicles carrying the neurotransmitter is released through this part