Question

Bacteria and other kinds of pathogens (like the yeast Candida auris) used to be very susceptible (likely to be harmed by) to drugs used to kill them. However, today, we find that many pathogens that make people sick are resistant (unlikely to be harmed by) to the same drugs we used to use. Explain, in your own words, where these multi-drug resistant pathogens (superbugs) come from.

Answer 1

when a microbe is resistant to an antibiotic it is referred to antibiotic resistance if that organism is resistant to multiple drugs it is known as multiple drug resistance which may be bacteria, fungi or virus. This multiple drug resistant microbes is often referred to superbugs.one cause of drug resistance is genetic modification of that organism overtime poor sanitation inappropriate use of drugs which is not prescribed by the doctor, Use of overdose drugs.Carelessness in food handling who are infection control also increases spread of antibiotic resistance among organisms. due to an recommended practice of using drugs may leads to the accumulation of certain resistant genes in bacteria and which will be transferred among them over time causes antibiotic resistance. Another mechanism which is used by bacteria is reflex pump where the micro pump antibiotics out of its cell to counter the drug activity. They may come across more than one antibiotic so the organism will use a single pump to counter more than one antibiotic by pumping out of cell, which develop resistance in them and they get converted to multidrug resistant microbial forms.