In: Biology
What nanomachines are performing translation at this very moment in your cells? What are they made of?
Ribosome - the cytoplasmic organelle that translates the mRNA into the protein product specified by that mRNA.
Ribosomes are made up of rRNA(ribosomal RNA) and r Proteins (riosomal proteins).
Each ribosome has two subunits - a larger one and a smaller one. The subunits associate to form a complete ribosome during the initiation of translation and the subunits dissociate at the end of translation.
Bacterial ribosome has a size of 70s. Its small subunit has a size of 30s, which is made up of 16srRNA and 21 r proteins. The large subunit has a size of 50s. It components are 23srRNA, 5srRNA and 31 r proteins.
Eukaryotic ribosome is 80s in size with small subunit (40s) made up of 18srRNA and 33 r proteins and a large subunit (60s) made of 28srRNA, 5.8srRNA , 5srRNA and 49 r proteins.