Question

1. Recognize the cells that form the bones and its functions:
a) ostecytes
b) osteoblasts
c) Osteoprogenitor
d) osteoclasts
2. Function of the skull and its categories of the bones that predominate in the skull.

Answer 1

1. All the given options (osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoprogenitor, osteoclasts) forms the bones. So, all the options a, b, c, d are correct and each of them have their unique functions.

Functions of each cell that forms bones:

a) Osteocytes: They forms bones to some degree and their function is to maintain strength and health of the bone matrix. They also regulate the passage of calcium into and out of the bones.

b) Osteoblasts: Their function is to synthesize and mineralize the bone during its formation and remodeling. They also helps in providing growth and mechanical support to the bone.

c) Osteoprogenitor: They play a major role in regulating angiogenesis (formation of new blood cells from pre-existing cells).

d) Osteoclasts: These are generally known as the bone reabsorbing cells. They also helps in secreting the digestive enzymes which dissolve the tissue of bone.

2. Functions of the skull:

• The skull is a bony structure which is located in the head.
• It's function is to protect the protect the brain from any damages or injuries.
• It supports the facial structures and it is one of the delicate organs in the body.
• The skull fixes the distance between the eyes and the position of ears to localize the sound in the direction it is coming.
• It also plays a defensive function and it acts as a natural helmet for the head of human being.

Categories of bones that predominate in the skull:

The categories of bones that rule the skull are the eight cranial bones. They are:

• Frontal bone: It is a flat bone which makes up the forehead.
• Parietal bones (2 bones): These are a pair of flat bones located on the either side of head behind the frontal bone.
• Temporal bones (2 bones): These are a pair of irregular bones located under parietal bones.
• Occipital bone: It is a flat bone located in the back of skull. It allows the connection between spinal cord and brain.
• Sphenoid bone: It is an irregular bone located below the frontal bone and it forms a large part of the base of skull.
• Ethmoid bone: It is an irregular bone located in the front part of sphenoid bone and it makes the part of nasal cavity.

Thank you!