Question

1. The human immune system has a lot of back-up plans built into its design. Many cells and other immune components have similar roles. Provide an example of two components that have similar or identical roles in the immune system.

2. If you had to choose, do you feel it would be more detrimental to a person's health to have no T cells or no B cells? Which do you think would impact a person’s overall health more profoundly? Why?

3. Pathogens have many “tricks” to avoid immune detection and “buy time” to establish an infection. If you were a pathogen, which ONE of the following components of the immune system do you believe would be the most helpful to avoid or disable? Provide the reason why you selected it and any support for your choice.

a) Phagocytic cells

b) Inflammation

c) Complement

d) Cytokines

Answer 1

1.macrophages and neutrophills may have similar roles in the immune system.macrophage-neutrophills partnership which is a central facet of the myeloid phagocyte system (MYPS system), includes cooperative macrophage/neutrophil activity like: At the initiation of the infectious inflammation, complex networks of cytokines and chemokines originate through interaction of macrophages and neutrophils at the infectious/inflammatory foci.The cooperation macrophage/neutrophil within the competences of the MYPS, allows an immune attack strategy against microbial infections based on two complementary phagocytes that safely take advantage of powerful neutrophil microbicidal factors that are transferred to the infected macrophage. This is a way of macrophages to make use of powerful but dangerous microbicidal molecules avoiding the problems of permanently carrying these cytotoxic factors. This strategy is a target of key virulence mechanisms of successful pathogens.

2. T cells which is a primary types of lymphocytes, its deficiency could cause severe types of diseases like-

complete deficiency of T cell function can result from hereditary conditions(also called primary conditions) such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and omen syndrome.

partial deficiency of T cell function include acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

3. i think it will option d. As the cytokine is important in cell signalling, autocrine signalling,paracrine signalling and endocrine signalling and regulate the maturation, growth, and responsiveness of particular cell populations. Cytokines also play a role in anti-inflammatory pathways and are a possible therapeutic treatment for pathological pain from inflammation or peripheral nerve injury. attacking on this by pathogens could lead to drastic immunological deficits.