Which of the following is not an organic molecule composing hormones/hormone-like substances? prostaglandins proteins polysaccharides steroids

Which of the following is not an organic molecule composing hormones/hormone-like substances?

		prostaglandins
		proteins
		polysaccharides
		steroids

Expert Solution

Correct answer - Polysaccharides

Explanation:

There are three types of hormones or hormone-like substances
- Fat derived
  - They are derived from cholesterol
  - They are insoluble in water
  - They are steroid in nature
  - Therefore, they required a transport protein
  - Example androgen binding protein (secreted by Sertoli cells)is a carrier for testosterone
  - They are fat-soluble and therefore have their receptors in the nucleus or cytosol
- Peptides
  - They are protein in nature
  - They are short polypeptide chains
  - They are water-soluble but not fat-soluble.
  - Therefore, their receptors are located on the cell membrane
  - Example - Insulin
- Amino-acid derived
  - these are hormones derived from amino acids like tyrosine and tryptophan
  - Example - thyroxine - Iodine and tyrosine

Polysaccharides are organic but have no hormonal activity.

Incorrect answers:

Prostaglandins - there are derived from unsaturated fatty acid. They are hormones formed during inflammation
Protein - peptide derived hormones are protein in nature
Steroids - they are fat-derived ( cholesterol) hormones. Example - testosterone.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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