Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Digestion enzymes which cells release these proteins; which digestive tract organs release what substances? From which...

Digestion enzymes

which cells release these proteins; which digestive tract organs release what substances? From which cells? What are the functions of these organs? What hormones affect stomach and duodenum activity?

Expert Solution

Mouth-salivary amylase(parotid gland,Submadibular gland,sublingual gland)

Stomach-Gastric juice(chief or peptic cells,oxyntic cells,mucous cells)

Liver-Produces bile(Hepatocytes)

Bile is secreted by the gall bladder

Pancreas-Pancreatic juice(Acini of the exocrine part of the oancreas)

Intestinal glands-Succus entericus also called as instestinal juice(Crypts of lieberkuhn)

I have answered the first two questions above

Now the function of each organ

Mouth

Helps in ingestion mastication and degluttion of the food.Simultaneously salivary amylase is added for the breakdown of complex carbohydrates

Stomach

Helps in mixing and churning the food as it is a muscular organ.Secretes gastric juice which is acidic which kills the bacteria.Gastric juice breaks down the remaining complex carbohydrates and proteins into simpler forms

Liver

Produces bile.Bile contains sodium bicarbonate sodium glycocholte and sodium taurochloride

Brings about the emulsification of fats in the small intestine

Pancreas

The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which helps in the digestion of starch,proteins,fats and nucleic acid

Intestinal glands

Intestinal juice is secreted by them. Intestinal juice contains maltase isomaltase lactase sucrase enterokinase aminopeptidase nucleotidase

Hormones that affect the stomach and duodenum are

Gastrin

Helps to stimulate the gastric glands to secrete gastric juice

Enterogastrone

Secreted by duodenal epithelium.Slow gastric juice secretion

Secretin

First hormone ro be discovered by scientists

Releases bicarbonate in the Pancreatic juice

Duocrinin

Secreted by duodenal epithelium

Releases mucus and enzymes into intestinal juice.

Sydney Mullin answered 2 years ago

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