In: Biology
Whats the effect of the reeler mutation on cell-cell interaction
Cell cell interaction represents the interactions between the cell surfaces that plays the major role in function and development of multicellular organisms. Interactions means communication for the cells to coordinate and function based on changes occurs, neuronal signal inputs, inflammatory responses other communication of inhibitory and excitatory actions.
Reeler is named after a mouse which has characteristics of reeling gait. The reeler gait caused by the underdevelopment of cerebellum which is important for movement in mouse. This type of mutation is either autosomal or recessive.
Reelin is a extracellular matrix glycoprotein. By cell cell interactions it helps in the positioning and neural migrations in brain. The RELN gene in mouse is located on chromosome 5 and in humans it is located on chromosome 7.
Reeler mutation: The reln mutations results in lack of reelin which affects the positioning and neuronal migration in brain causing the altered cell cell interactions. For example the disease are found associated with reeler mutation are Schizophrenia, Autism, Alzheimer's, Lissencephaly, Bipolar disorders, temporal lobe epilepsy etc.
Example in temporal lobe epilepsy: Granule cell dispersion - the prolonged seizure in rat model due to loss of reelin expresing interneurons and subsequent ectopic chain migration, without reelin they chain migrating failed to deattach properly. Thus the reeler mutation affects the positioning and neuronal migration in brain via cell cell interactions resulting in neuronal diseases. Neurodevelopmental dissorders like Autism, neurogenerative disorders like Alzheimer's etc..
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