Question

Three potential ethical issues involving statistics. Support your answer with an explanation and an example:

Improper sampling

Misleading charts, graphs, and descriptive measures

Inappropriate statistical analysis or inappropriate interpretation of statistical results

Answer 1

1)

Improper sampling:

By sampling we want to find the characteristics of the population and if sample is random then it gives better estimates of population characteristics while sometimes if we want a particular result then we select the the sample values that support our result instead of selecting samples randomly.

Example: if a college wants to show the public that it's student have average score more than 80% then they can select students who got more than 80% marks in the sample.

2)

Misleading charts,graphs and descriptive measures

Sometimes some organisation to hide their faults they show misleading charts ,graphs and descriptive measures so that no one know their truth.

Example:

One can give wrong information about mean ,median,mode etc.

3)

Inappropriate statistical analysis or inappropriate interpretation of statistical results.

Sometimes we give wrong interpretation of statistical results to mislead the public so that we can hide our faults

Example:if in a school more than 50% students failed,while there are 20% students got more than 90% marks then school can say that our 20% students got more than 90% marks while they will not say more than 50% failed .