Question

How do simple molecules like H2O ,NH3, ect form bonds with metals? ( Include the name of the interaction)

Answer 1

In coordination compounds metals show two types of linkages

(valences)-primary and secondary.

2. The primary valences are normally ionisable and are satisfied by

negative ions.

3. The secondary valences are non ionisable. These are satisfied by

neutral molecules or negative ions. The secondary valence is equal to

the coordination number and is fixed for a metal.

4. The ions/groups bound by the secondary linkages to the metal have

characteristic spatial arrangements corresponding to different

coordination numbers.

In modern formulations, such spatial arrangements are called

coordination polyhedra. The species within the square bracket are

coordination entities or complexes and the ions outside the square

bracket are called counter ions.

These compounds are coordination compound

The type of bond is COORDINATE COVALENT BOND

EXAMPLE =

[Co(NH3)6] Cl3

The six NH3 molecules are connected to Co by 6 coordinate-covalent bonds. Each NH3 molecule is linked to three H atoms by pure covalent bonds and the total no. of N-H bonds= 6 x 3 = 18.

Coordinate bond is a special type of covalent bond in which the shared electrons are contributed by only one atom.

Thus, there are 24 covalent bonds. The three Cl atoms exist as Cl- ions.

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