In: Biology
1) (c) gluconeogenesis converts GTP to GDP.
Restbof the options are wrong as gluconeogenesis takes place in liver and not in mitochondria. Gluconeogenesis has 9 steps instead of 14 steps. Energy production is somewhat same.
2) (b) high level of glucose-6-phosphate.
Hexokinase, the enzyme catalysing the first step of glycolysis, is inhibited by its product, glucose-6-phosphate. However, the liver, in keeping with its role as monitor of blood glucose levels, possesses a specialized isozyme of hexokinase called glucokinase that is not inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate.
3) (b) Glutamine.
The de novo biosynthesis of sialic acids begins with the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to glucosamine-6-phosphate, catalyzed by glucosamine 6-phosphate synthase (I-glutamine: d-fructose 6-phosphate aminotransferase).
4) (a) both can be converted to glucose-6-phosphate.
5) (c) Zn2+
Alcohol dehydrogenase uses two molecular tools to convert ethanol to acetaldehyde..the first is a Zinc atom which is used to hold and position the alcohol group on ethanol. The second is a large NAD cofactor, which actually performs the reaction.