Question

Draw the organic product in each of the following reactions. Include formal charges, if applicable. Omit any inorganic byproducts or ions.

 

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

One or more substances that react together to form a product is called a chemical reaction. Most chemical reactions take place with the help of reagents. Reagents are substances that are used to transform one form of a substance to another. The reactions undergo substitution and reduction reactions to reach the final organic product.

Fundamentals

Sodium azide \(\left(\mathrm{NaN}_{3}\right)\) and sodium cyanide \((\mathrm{NaCN})\) are good nucleophiles. When it reacts with an alkyl bromide, it undergoes a substitution reaction. Example:

\(\mathrm{Nu}=\mathrm{NaN}_{3}\) and \(\mathrm{NaCN}\)

The substituted product then undergoes reduction to form the final organic product. Lithium aluminum hydride \(\left.(\operatorname{li} \mathrm{A}] \mathrm{H}_{4}\right)\) is the best reducing agent. The reduced product undergoes protonation to form the final organic product.

Cyclohexyl bromide reacts with sodium azide to form cyclohexyl azide. The hydride ion in lithium aluminium hydride acts as a nucleophile and attacks nitrogen in cyclohexyl azide. The azide nitrogen forms an anion by losing the nitrogen molecule. Then, it undergoes protonation and forms cyclohexylamine as the product.

Cyanide ion acts as a nucleophile which undergoes the backside attack and forms cyclohexyl cyanide. The hydride ion in lithium aluminium hydride undergoes a nucleophilic attack twice on nitrile carbon to form an anion on nitrogen atom. Then, it undergoes protonation to form an amine as the product.