Question

5	A nurse studying evidence-based practice (EBP) reviews the formal definition. Which components are key to EBP? (Select all that apply.)
A	Correct Incorrect	Educational level of the clinician
		Rationale:
B	Correct Incorrect	Clinician expertise
		Rationale:
C	Correct Incorrect	Client values and preferences
		Rationale:
D	Correct Incorrect	Barriers to practice change
		Rationale:
E	Correct Incorrect	The latest research evidence
		Rationale:

Answer 1

B)Clinician expertise
C) Clinical values and preferences

E)The latest research evidence
Evidence Based Practice signifies a systematic, yet holistic and patient-oriented approach to health care. EBP is an offshoot of evidence based medicine (EBM), defined in Sackett’s key article:

"Evidence based medicine is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external evidence from systematic research."

This definition of EBM requires integration of three major components for medical decision making: 1) the best external evidence, 2) individual practitioner’s clinical expertise, and 3) patients' preference.

From Florida State University, College of Medicine

Steps in the EBP Process:

1. Clearly identify the patient problem based on accurate assessment & current professional knowledge and practice.

2. Research the literature for relevant research.

3. Evaluate the research evidence using established criteria regarding scientific merit.

4. Choose interventions and justify those with the most valid evidence.

Evidence-based Nursing (EBN) goes beyond those three components, adding more extended consideration of patient values, and including access to adequate resources. EBN has been said to incorporate:

• the patient’s clinical state, clinical setting and circumstances
• the patient’s preferences and actions
• the best research evidence, defined as: "methodologically sound, clinically relevant research about the effectiveness and safety of nursing interventions, the accuracy and precision of nursing assessment measures, the power of prognostic markers, the strength of causal relationships, the cost effectiveness of nursing interventions, and the meaning of illness or patient experiences.”
  
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